First or Third Quarter
A half moonA half moon
This is when you can only see half a moon out at night.
No. When you see the whole sun-lit side, you call it a "Full Moon".
The moon is only visible because of the sun's light, which is why the moon appears to glow. When there is a half moon, only half of the moon is reflecting off the sun's light. It all has to do with the angle of the moon, the sun, and the Earth, which is why the moon has so many different phases.
quarter moon
This is the first quarter phase. The moon looks half lit, half in shadow, but you actually can only see one quarter of the moons surface at this point (during a full moon, you would only be able to see half of the moons surface - the half that faces us).
You see about 50% of the moon because we are only really seeing half of it because it is a sphere.
The Moon orbits the Earth, while the Earth is orbiting the Sun. Because the Moon is moving, we see it in different positions relative to the Sun; we call this the "phases of the Moon". Only when the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun will we see a "full" moon.
Nothing happens to the other side of the Moon in half moon days. The reason we do not see the whole Moon is because only half of it is reflecting the light from the Sun.
That phase is called the third quarter or it could be called a waning half moon.
Yes. One half of the moon is illuminated by the Sun at any given time. But from Earth, we see the Moon at an angle. So only part of the illuminated area is visible, which we call a "phase" of the Moon. Only when the Moon is on the far side of Earth, directly opposite the Sun, do we see a "full moon."You can create this effect with a lamp in a darkened room, using a ball to represent the Moon. Stand away from the lamp with the ball in your hand, and hold it out to one side. You will see one dark half and one lit half. If you turn so that the Moon is behind you, farther from the light than you are, you will see more of the lit side. (If you are blocking the light from reaching the ball, you have simulated an eclipse of the Moon, which can only occur during a full moon.)
The light we see from the Sun is from the Sun itself; the entire surface of the Sun is bright. Only half of the Moon is bright, because it is illuminated by the Sun. The sun generates light, the moon can only reflect it, not generate any.