Try adding a cercuit breaker right on the AC.
If the power requirement is 120 volts it will be connected to a single pole breaker rated at the amperage requirement of the air conditioner. If the voltage of the air conditioner is 240 volts, then a two pole breaker will be required.
A 20 amp breaker might actually be needed for the installation. It depends on the wattage and voltage of the window air conditioner.
A 12000 BTU air conditioner draws close to 15 amps. While it technically can run on a 15 amp breaker, you may want to use a smaller air conditioner to be on the safe side.
It is possible if the circuit breaker has tripped or is faulty. The best way to check is by unplugging the air conditioner, and plugging in a table lamp. If the lamp lights up, then you know that the circuit breaker is working, if not then it is faulty.
a 2p 20 amp should work fine for a single 220 air conditioner,
It should be located "an arms reach" from your condenser.
push breaker all the way OFF, wait 30 sec, turn breaker back on,
About a tenth of a ton.
You're actually OPENING the breaker. And it means you're drawing too much power. 1 air conditioner=about 10 box fans. Try unplugging things using the same circuit. An air conditioner draws a lot of juice. An A/C and a microwave, for example, are too much for most homes to handle. Your breaker box should (hopefully) tell you what breaker goes where.
If this is an air conditioner in a home or an apartment, check the circut breaker panel. If this is a automobile air conditioner, check the belt which drives the compressor, and the fusebox for a blown fuse.
Yes. You should use 8 AWG wire from breaker to AC unit.
You didn't say what, if anything was on the circuit. If everything is unplugged from the circuit or disconnected from the circuit and breaker still trips then you have a bad breaker or faulty wiring. If you remove all devices from the circuit and it doesn't trip, you need to find out which device causes the breaker to trip by plugging one device in at a time. If the disconnect controls a single device like an air conditioner you would have to turn the power off at the main panel and then physically remove the wires connecting the Air Conditioner to the disconnect. Then turn the power back on and see if the disconnect still trips. Again if it does you have a bad breaker or a short somewhere in the box. If it doesn't trip you have a bad motor whose windings are likely shorted or some other condition that is drawing more than 40 Amps.