In a most basic sense, you need bullets, cartridge cases, gunpowder, and primers.
It is also very helpful to have a reloading press and dies to consistently size the brass and seat the cartridges, as well as a scale or other measure for the gunpowder, and tools to prime the cases.
To refill ammo you must either reload or find an ammo box. (im not sure if they have ammo boxex in chaos theory). Other than that you just need to make due with what they give you. Its all part of the game
Gunlances do not rely on an external supply of ammo. They basically have unlimited ammo, however you do need to reload them.
You need cydia
You need to see a gunsmith to make sure what it is chambered for.
Lead
You just need to keep getting the ammo drops
Whether you do or not depends on where you live. As for countries not requiring a licence to buy .22 ammo, the United States is one.
Yes, there is quite a bit of Russian steel cased ammo on the market.
No
It is very difficult to make an ammo clip for any type of gun. You need very controlled precision and proper design in order to ensure adequate and safe feed. It is best to buy one from a reputable gun dealer or gun smith.
depends on the use. Hunting? paper or home protection? Federal Winchester or Remington make ammo for this. There are surplus ammo you can find at a lower price them commercial hunting or match ammo. Make sure the surplus ammo does not have corrosive primers.
If your an ammo tech you don't need the answers, just click through the course and answer it yourself. Its not hard