In crochet, because stitches have "height" (where in knitting stitch height isn't much of an issue), crocheters add chain stitches to the end of a row to add height, in order to begin the next row.
So, in your instructions, chain 4, then make a single turning chain, would mean to add another chain, turn your work so that you could then begin crocheting the second row. You would then insert your hook into the second chain from the hook and crochet the next stitch (which is going to be a single crochet--sc--due to only using one turning chain)
There is a standard turning chain number, depending on the stitch you are going to use in the next row. [the link shows how many turning chains for each crochet stitch].
For a:
slip stitch = 0 turning chain
single crochet = 1 turning chain
half double crochet = 2 turning chains
double crochet = 3 turning chains
triple crochet = 4 turning chains
and so on.
You see that as the stitch height grows, so do the number of chain stitches in your turning chain.
It means "single crochet". The stitch is the shortest of the crochet stitches and makes a very compact garment. Other notations can be double crochet, half double crochet, and even double triple crochet.Always read the whole pattern thoroughly before you begin your work.To sc in sc means to place your next single crochet stitch into the next single crochet stitch from the previous row. If your next stitch is a chain, for example, you would skip it and go to the next single crochet. Be aware that sometimes there will be a typographical error in a pattern, so be alert to how the stitch works in the pattern you are using.
I would do exactly as it says unless you can see a reason not to. If the project is not coming out as it should, then I would contact the designer and see if it was a typo. It is possible those next rows are single crochet which only needs one chain for turning or there is a reason she wants the other rows to have a shorter turning chain.
Sp in crochet patterns means "space" as far as I know. Generally, a space in crochet is created by the chain stitch(es) on the previous row/round. If your pattern states to sc, (single crochet) in the next sp (space) it means to pull the yarn around the stitch (the chain stitches) rather than through the chain stitch as you'd do when working into your beginning chain.
The single crochet, double crochet, half double crochet, chain, slip knot. They can all be explained at the related link below, which has tutorials.
A picot is a little 'bump' on a chain. It's usually made with a single crochet, but you could do it with a double crochet as well. You do it in a chain. Here is an example of one:chain 3, dc in 2nd ch from hook, ch 1. The individual pattern will specify the number of chains to work on either side.
Hmm. I have never seen this before but I am assuming its pretty much the same as turning work in the middle of your knitting. Say you have thirty stitches on your crochet project. You double crochet 15 and then the pattern says to turn in the middle... You would hypothetically chain 1 or two and turn the work as if you were starting a new row. I hope I was right on this, I am just inferring.
The basic stitches used to crochet are: slip stitch chain single crochet half double crochet double crochet treble crochet double treble shell pop corn
Do 3 separate single crochet in the next 3 chains, then in the next chain make 2 single crochet in the same space
Reverse single crochet means to turn the item the opposite way you were crocheting and single crochet as normal-just in the opposite direction. For instance if you crochet from right to left as normal, you would chain one, turn the item around so you are facing the opposite side (the 'wrong side') and single crochet around. The stitches will then face the opposite way from the rest giving it a decorative edge.
Do a double crochet stitch in every chain stitch until you reach the end of the row. When you come up to the chain three that you did at the end of the previous row, look at where you chained 3 and then do a dc in the last chain stitch of your chain 3.
There are about 6 basic crochet stitches them being: ch~chain stitch sc~single crochet dc~double crochet hdc~half double crochet treble ss~slip stitch most patterns will use one of these stitches or a combo of some of them. .
Work one double crochet in the chain after the one you've just used. Then work another double crochet into the SAME chain where you worked that first double crochet.