electrons
Because each isotope of an element has a mass different from any other isotope of the same element, and the atomic mass of an element is an average, weighted by the proportion of each isotope, in the naturally occurring element.
You need to know the atomic # or the masses of each isotope of the element.
The ion charge is typically written as a superscript to the right of the element symbol in an isotope symbol. For example, if an atom loses one electron to become positively charged, the ion charge would be indicated as a +1 next to the element symbol.
If you had a stable element 115, then by definition there would need to be at least one non-radioactive isotope. Stable elements are those that have at least one nonradioactive isotope. Of course, the other isotopes of the element could all be radioactive.
You would need to know the abundance of each isotope to find the average atomic mass of the element. The average atomic mass is calculated by multiplying the mass of each isotope by its relative abundance and then summing these values together.
They can tell whether the nucleus formed is that of a new element or that of an isotope by determining the number of protons inside the nucleus. If the number of protons are different, then it is a different element (not necessarily new). If the number of protons are the same, then it is an isotope.
The abundance percentage of each isotope
To synthesize a new isotope of cadmium, you would need to manipulate the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the cadmium atom. Isotopes are variants of an element that have the same number of protons but differ in their neutron count, resulting in different atomic masses. By adding or removing neutrons, you can create a new isotope while keeping the number of protons, which defines the element as cadmium, constant.
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To find the average atomic mass of the element, you would need the mass of each isotope and their corresponding natural abundance percentages. Multiply the mass of each isotope by its respective abundance percentage, then sum these values for all isotopes to determine the average atomic mass of the element.
To calculate the average atomic mass of an element, you need to multiply the mass of each isotope by its abundance (as a decimal), then sum these values for all isotopes of that element. This will give you the weighted average atomic mass. The formula is: average atomic mass = (mass isotope 1 x abundance 1) + (mass isotope 2 x abundance 2) + ...
A chlorine atom needs one additional electron in order to become stable.