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What does caliber stands for in relation to firearms?

Updated: 12/16/2022
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Kangkandeka

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12y ago

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The general rule that is mostly true a lot of the time is that "caliber" is the diameter of the bore (the hole inside the barrel through which the bullet passes) as expressed in decimals, using inch units of measure. So a "thirty caliber" rifle would have a bore of .30 inch or 30/100 inch. A "twenty two caliber" gun fires a .22" diameter bullet.

But "caliber" also means a particular name of a specific cartridge of a certain height, weight, width, angle, and gunpowder charge. For example, a .22 "long rifle" bullet weighs 40 grains and moves at an initial velocity of 1000 feet per second. But a .220 Swift rifle cartridge fires a bullet of the same diameter, but longer and heavier, and at over 3,000 feet per second. Two different caliber cartridges, but in each case the hole in the rifle's barrel is about 22/100 inch.

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Q: What does caliber stands for in relation to firearms?
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