The term commissar is Russian for commissioner. During the communist era, the term was used for powerful communist officials, who were notoriously tyrannical.
political commissars and militia.
commissars
commissars and partisans
Lenin's official title was Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars.
On November 8, 1917, Vladimir Lenin was made Chairman of the Peoples Commissars of the RSFSR.
Roubles is the Russian monetary unit under both Czars and Commissars and now. Thanks, really needed that!
Milla Zenovich Logan has written: 'Cousins and commissars' -- subject(s): Description and travel, Social conditions
The Kremlin is in the heart of Moscow, and housed the government for the Soviet Union and it's highest members, such as general secretaries, premiers, presidents, ministers, and commissars.
Chairman of the council of people's commissars(8 Nov 1917-21 Jan 1924). Leader of the Bolshevik party(17 Nov 1903-21 Jan 1924)
The first council of people's commissars under Mao's rule in China was established in 1949 and consisted of top Communist Party leaders. Some key members were Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, and Chen Yun. Their portfolios included roles such as prime minister, vice chairman, and ministers responsible for overseeing various government functions like defense, foreign affairs, and economic planning.
The two key features of the Red Army were its political loyalty and the emphasis on political commissars. The Red Army was not only a military force but also a political entity, with commissars ensuring that soldiers adhered to Communist ideology and the goals of the Bolshevik Party. Additionally, the Red Army's organizational structure allowed for rapid mobilization and adaptation, which was crucial during the Russian Civil War and later conflicts. These features contributed to its effectiveness in both maintaining power and engaging in warfare.
Lenin was elected as Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars in 1917 by the Russian Congress of Soviets. He retained power until late 1922, when he became disabled by several strokes. He remained in power in a technical sense, but not in a practical sense.