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It depends on the type of drive. Fragmentation really does nothing to SSD drives since all storage cells are the same and can be accessed just as fast. Defragmenting an SSD drive only adds to the wear and tear and provides no discernible benefit.

On mechanical hard drives, it can slow the drive and possibly lead to increased wear. However, that is not a reason to obsessively defrag, since that could also lead to increased wear and tear, and the time you spend defragmenting could take longer than the time you spend with the fragmentation.

If you want to know what fragmentation is, it is simply having files chopped up into multiple chunks and stored that way. On SSD drives, there is no consequence to this. Mechanical drives would have to seek to find each chunk, resulting in more movement of the heads and slower access to the file.

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