"Tu vas" in French means "you go" in English. It is the second person singular form of the verb "aller," which means "to go."
"Tu as" in French means "you have." It is the second person singular form of the verb "avoir" (to have).
Tu vas a l'école. You go to school. (go, not attend)
"Tu aimes" in French means "you like" in English. It is the informal form of the verb "to like" in the second person singular.
as-tu... means: do you have....
tu-you
"Et tu comprends" means "and you understand" the end of nearly all verbs conjugated to the second person singular in french end in "s"tu es (you are)tu vas (you go)tu seras (you will be)tu coupais (you were cutting)
'... que tu aimes is '... that you like' in French.
Est-ce que tu veux sortir ? If you mean 'go out with me', it is 'sortir avec moi'
"Tu me comprends" in French translates to "Do you understand me?" in English.
"As-tu" means "Do you have" in English.
Vas-tu means "are you going"