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Hard wiring something is when you terminate the device or equipment directly with the cable/wires that are coming from the panel. Say for example: You have a 40' length of 10-3 M.C. cable (or similar) coming from your panel to feed power to the oven. In the case that the oven needs to be hard wired , there will be a junction box in the back , bottom, portion of the oven or an insulated cord with uncapped wires hanging out in which (either way) you need to splice the 10-3 cable to the wire ends of the oven inside that junction box (or the junction box that is installed in the wall). If the oven didn't need to be hard wired than you would normally install a 30-60 amp receptacle/outlet in a 4x4 box in the wall and you would terminate the 10-3 cable to it and the oven would come with a cord and plug that you would just plug into the wall.

So, an easy way to think of it is: If the equipment needs to be hard wired than it will not have a plug on the end of the cord/cable.

And if it doesn't need to be hard wired than you will just plug it into an outlet.

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14y ago
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Q: What does hard wire mean?
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