The cornIfied layer, the clear/translucent layer, granular layer, spinous layer and the basal/germanal layer.
The upper layer of skin is called cornified layer.This is made up of dead cells thus it forms a hard coating over the skin which protect us from bacterial invation or infection and reduces waterloss by evaporation.
Mammalian skin is multilayered ,cornified , non cutcularized .but plant epidermis is single layered , and cuticularized .
The epidermis is the outer layer of skin, this goes for almost all animals and plants. In mammals the epidermis consists of four to five separate layers, the top layer is made up of cornified cells, which form the primary protective layer. This layer is constantly renewed by releasing dead cells and advancing new cells. The bottom layer creates new cells which then start their journey to the top layer.
The skin consists of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer and contains protective keratinized cells. The dermis is the middle layer and contains blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The hypodermis is the innermost layer and is composed of fat cells for insulation and cushioning.
Salamanders lack scales and claws and have moist, glandular skin; true lizards are reptiles and have claws and dry, scaly, cornified skin.
Intrinsic aging is caused by a number of factors.Environmental damage like Sun burn, wind drying, tobacco use etc.Reduction in collagen in the skin.diminished functioning of sweat and oil glands.Thickening of the cornified layer of the dermis.medical conditions such as skin cancer, and lesions.
The outer most layer of the skin is called epidermis.Many of the cells of epidermis produce protein called keratin. The new epidermal cells are formed at the base of the skin and hence the older cells are pushed to surface. The surface cells protect the inner new cells.Gradually the surface cells get filled with keratin. This process is called kertinization.During this process the epidermes gets dividd into five distinct regions.Top most layer is stratum corneum. It consists of more than 20 layers of dead cells. These cells get filled with keratin. These cells are said to be cornified. The cornified cells are surrounded by a hard protective envelope,which makes the skin waterproofing....more over there are other layers of epidermis which has its independent function.
The dermis is the vascular layer of your skin.
the epidemis is the outermost layer of the skin
The epidermis is the outer layer of skin. The dermis is beneath the epidermis.
It is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis.