special session
the governor
Governor
A Governor is the executive of the state.
Legislator
The governor of the state can call for an election.
Depends on that state, really. In all states, the governor will be able to. If the state permits it, a County Sheriff could call up both State and National Guard units in their respective county.
To enforce the state laws and call necessary meetings.
Not exactly - he was governor of Virginia for two years, 1779-1781, during the Revolutionary War but before the United States was created, so you could not call him a state governor. Moreover, the governor in his day did not have all of the powers of the current governor of Virginia.
In general, the president has more power of the Governor.
Yes , the wife of the governor of state X is often called the first lady of X .
The governor of Illinois can call out the National Guard for emergencies.
County Sheriffs do not have the authority to call out the Guard. That's done by the governor of the state or the president of the US.