An indictment, which will cause the person indicted to be arrested and proceed to a trial by a petit jury to determine guilt or innocence.
A grand jury is a group of citizens (often 23) that is empowered to investigate potential criminal conduct in order to determine if criminal charges should be brought. Their job is to decide if there is probable cause to believe certain offences were commited. It is called a "grand" jury because it traditionally has more jurors than a trial jury.
A criminal information is a criminal charge that is brought by prosecutor rather than by a grand jury. A charge from a grand jury is called an indictment.
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A Grand Jury returns an indictment. Criminal Justice pg 16 schmalleger
The Grand Jury
An original Grand Jury indictment.
Grand juries and Petit juries are the two kinds of juries. Grand juries review evidence of criminal action to determine if there is probable cause for bringing charges and if so, issue an indictment. Petit juries review evidence in both civil and criminal trials to determine the facts and render verdicts either for or against the parties in civil actions or guilty or not guilty in criminal actions.
In most states felonies must be brought by a grand jury indictment, whereas misdemeanors do not.ADDED: The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires a grand jury indictment ONLY for federal criminal charges. Only about half the states now use grand juries any more.
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A criminal charge is a charge brought forth by law enforcement for a legally punishable crime. An example of criminal charges might be murder, theft, grand theft, and shoplifting.
The grand jury reviews the evidence against the accused
The role the House of Representatives plays in impeachments can best be compared with that of a grand jury. A grand jury investigates criminal conduct and determines whether criminal charges should be brought.