First, when you see the phrase AS ___ AS ___ it is A Simile instead of an idiom. It is easy to figure out the meaning of a simile. Water flows quickly, so the simile means that whatever it is, it's as fast as water flowing.
It's not an idiom. It means exactly what it says: "quick" means fast or rapid, "curse" means speak scathingly or angrily; "your lot" is your fate in life.
Someone who is quick to come back with a witty, smart, or brilliant answer.
This is not an idiom I have ever heard. Perhaps you mean water cooler talk, which means chat that might occur between workers at the water cooler or anywhere else.
This is not an idiom. An idiom is an expression whose meaning cannot be deduced from its elements. To go through fire and water for someone is easily understood to mean to make a special effort and to undergo difficulties for that person's sake.
The idiom "quick as greased lightning" means extremely fast or rapid, like lightning that is slick and fast due to being lubricated with grease. It is used to describe someone or something that moves or acts very quickly.
A quick study is someone who learns very fast. You would say "he's a quick study" if you're training someone and they really catch on well. It means someone who's really smart.
It is not an idiom, it is fact. A hose can be used for a water level with hundreds of feet between the two points. As long as two bodies of water are connected somehow, they will be at the same level. As an idiom, it would mean a person tends to seek out people they feel are equal or have the same point of view.
As a duck takes to water means that you learnt very quickly or immediately and enjoyed the experience
RFP is not an idiom. It's an abbreviation.
It's not really an idiom. It means "what are you thinking about."
It is not an idiom, it means your nose is itching.
If someone says the phrase "I think I'll snatch a few winks, it means that the person is going to have a quick nap or snooze.