The Torah describes the history of the Israelites, the covenant the God made with them and the laws He gave them.
Judaism is not a sacred text, it is a religion and that religion happens to have a sacred text. To learn more about Judaism's Sacred Text, read the Related Question.
Yes.
Judaism
Yes.
Judaism and Christianity.
The Torah.
Judaism torah
No. The Talmud is an explanatory legal treatise in Judaism. It is not a "sacred text" nor is it affiliated with Christianity in any way. (The Jewish sacred text is the Tanakh or Jewish Bible.)
The Torah is an example of the sacred Jewish text that contributes to Judaism.
No. You can read more about the sacred text of Judaism at the Related Question below. Yahweh is the archaeologists' approximation of the Jewish God's name, although nearly all religious Jews regard "Yahweh" as entirely inaccurate.
The Torah is the MOST sacred text of judaism and the tamlud is commentaies, stories, and folklore.
Christians consider the New Testament a sacred text, while Jews do not. Apex