The ozone layer.
3,000+ F
The leading edges of the Space Shuttle's wings get to almost 3000 deg F during a normal reentry into earth's atmosphere.
When the shuttle goes from the vacuum of space and enters the earths atmosphere, it heats up because of simple friction. The friction is from the shuttle going so fast and hitting the atmosphere. Same reason you sometimes see meteor showers.
When a meteoroid enters the Earth's atmosphere, it is called a meteor. A meteor that passes through the atmosphere and strikes the ground is called a meteorite.
Although it reaches incredible speeds, a Space Shuttle is not going fast when it enters the atmosphere. The gravitational pull of Earth, or just gravity, are pulling down on the space shuttle with immense force.
energy is lost
A meteorite.
Meteor
The correct name for a shooting star is a Meteorite. Before a meteorite enters the Earths atmosphere it is called a Meteoroid.
+3,000 F.
The shuttle maneuvers itself and burns it's OMS engines. This causes the shuttle to slow down to a point where the earths gravity can pull it back to earth. As the shuttle enters the high earth atmosphere it is slowed down as the atmosphere hits the craft heating it up. The shuttle then performs a series of 'S' turns slowing it down even further, until it reaches its final approach speed for landing.
meteor