the effect is
glaciers
Icebergs are glaciers that typically break off of ice shelves.
Ice Sheets Ice Shelves Ice Caps Ice Streams/Outlet Glaciers Icefields Mountain Glaciers Valley Glaciers Piedmont Glaciers Cirque Glaciers Hanging Glaciers Tidewater Glaciers
Icebergs (drifting ice) in Antarctica have broken off from the glaciers and ice shelves that stretch out over the sea at the continent's coastline.
They are really heavy
Glaciers consist of ice made of snow turned to ice. The ice in them erodes. The sun melts the layer on top. It erodes away. The weight of the ice makes the lower part melt. That slowly eats away at the glacier.
Compacted ice or glaciers glide under the effect of gravity to the lower potential energy zone.
Valley glaciers travel down between the mountain ridges; these glaciers carry rock debris with them as they move. Continental glaciers are giant ice masses that cover hundreds of miles. They flow out onto the sea, where they form floating ice shelves. Continental glaciers smooth the landscape by scraping and eroding features that existed before the ice appeared. Alpine glaciers carve out rugged features in the mountain rocks through which they flow and are also are very different in elevation.
Antarctica is a continent that covers 10% of the earth's surface. Ninety-eight percent of it is covered with an ice sheet. The mountainous terrain of the continent means that there are thousands of glaciers on the continent. "Near Antarctica' is the Southern Ocean, which may be home to icebergs calved off continental glaciers. Rather than 'famous glaciers', Antarctica is home to ice shelves, the most famous, perhaps, being the Ross Ice Shelf, which is about as large as France.
Most free icebergs (no longer attached to ice shelves or glaciers) will have melted within five years. There will still be ice cover on Greenland, Antarctica and high mountains in five years.
The Ross Ice Shelf and the Ronnie Ice Shelf are the two biggest ice shelves in Antarctica.
i think the rivers of ice in Antarctica are called glaciers.