Higher bone density
Injections of saline do not change a rat's vertebral bone density. This is known because the T score is unchanged after the injections.
People, particularly post menopausal women, suffer from compression fractures in the vertebral column as a result of osteoporsis (a reduction in bone mineral density).
If the rat ovariectomized, the rate probably has osteoporosis (T score of -2.5 or less). Assuming this is a bone density test, the injection of estrogen will increase bone density, bringing its T score back toward the range of osteopenia (-1 to -2.49) or within normal bone density range (1 to -0.99).
Calcitonin injections have no effect on vertebral bone density...it is anticipated when doing the experiment that there would be...but there is not. (Marieb)
estrogen decreases osteoclast(bone reduction remodeling) which decreases osteoporosis. promotes osteoblast activity in bone formation. keeping calcium in bones and keeping bone density/integrity.
Drinking lots of soda does have an effect on bone density. Specifically, people who drink a lot of soda are likely to have a lower bone density than people who do not consume soda.
Estrogen is a hormone typically associated with females, but males also produce small amounts of it. In males, estrogen plays a role in bone density, brain function, and sexual function. It helps regulate the reproductive system and contributes to overall health. Imbalances in estrogen levels in males can lead to issues such as decreased bone density, infertility, and sexual dysfunction.
Estrogen is a hormone typically associated with females, but males also produce small amounts of it. In males, estrogen plays a role in regulating bone density, sperm production, and libido. Imbalances in estrogen levels can lead to health issues such as decreased bone density, infertility, and sexual dysfunction. Maintaining a proper balance of estrogen is important for overall health and well-being in males.
Estrogen deficiency can increase a woman's risk of developing osteoporosis and ischemic heart disease.
vertebrae
Bone development is primarily influenced by hormones such as parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, estrogen, and testosterone. PTH increases calcium levels in the blood by stimulating bone resorption, while calcitonin helps lower calcium levels by promoting bone formation. Estrogen and testosterone play crucial roles in promoting bone growth and maintaining bone density, with estrogen also helping to inhibit bone resorption. Together, these hormones regulate the processes of bone formation and resorption, ensuring proper bone health and development.