Non-metals in general do not conduct electricity or other forms of energy as well as metals do. Helium would be an example.
Yes, this is mostly true. It starts to become untrue near silicon.
The energy carried by an electric current depends on a conductor in order to flow. an Insulator disrupts the flow
a metal
aluminum, copper,
Then an 'electrical current' is said to be present in the conductor.
Tranition metals
a metal
Before you can understand how electrical energy is supplied by your electric company, you need to know how it is produced. A magnet and a conductor, such as a wire, can be used to induce a current in the conductor. The key is motion. An electric current is induced in a conductor when the conductor moves through a magnetic field. Generating an electric current from the motion of a conductor through a magnetic field is called electromagnetic induction. Current that is generated in this way is called induced current. To induce a current in a conductor, either the conductor can move through the magnetic field or the magnet itself can move.
Conductor losses or "I squared R losses" occur when electric current flows through a conductor. Conductor loss in watts equals the square of the current in amperes (I2) multiplied by the resistance of the conductor in ohms (R), and each watt of electrical energy is equal to 1 joule of heat.
The heating element inside every electric heater is simply an electrical resistor, and works on the principle of Joule heating: an electric current through a resistor converts electrical energy into heat energy. Joule heating, also known as ohmic heating and resistive heating, is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor releases heat. Joule heating is caused by interactions between the moving particles that form the current (usually, but not always, electrons) and the atomic ions that make up the body of the conductor. Charged particles in an electric circuit are accelerated by an electric field but give up some of their kinetic energy each time they collide with an ion. The increase in the kinetic or vibrational energy of the ions manifests itself as heat and a rise in the temperature of the conductor. Hence energy is transferred from the electrical power supply to the conductor and any materials with which it is in thermal contact.
The electrons in the current have a lot of energy due to the tiny electric force on each one and the very large number of electrons involved. As they move from atom to atom in a metal conductor, some of this energy redistributes to the metal atoms. This energy causes the conductor atoms to move faster, which means they get hotter, and the heat flows to the surface of the iron.
nonmetal