nuclear energy
Nuclear energy
The energy that comes from the tiniest particles of matter is nuclear energy. This energy is released when nuclei of atoms undergo processes such as fission (splitting) or fusion (combining), resulting in a release of large amounts of energy.
The sun's energy (and that of all other stars) comes from nuclear fusion. The nuclei of hydrogen atoms (ie protons) fuse together to produce helium and release energy.
Such energy is called nuclear energy. There are basically two different variations on this principle. One, light atoms can be combined into heavier atoms (up to a certain point - somewhere around iron). This is known as fusion. The other is that heavy atoms (heavier than iron) can split into lighter atoms.
Energy contained in bonds within a nucleus that is converted to kinetic energy.
Chemical energy comes from the breaking or forming of chemical bonds in molecules. When bonds break, energy is released, and when bonds form, energy is absorbed. This energy comes from the arrangement of atoms and their interactions within a molecule.
The energy produced (or rather, converted) in the Sun comes from nuclear energy - that is, it involves changes to atomic nuclei. In this case, four hydrogen-1 atoms combine to one helium-4 atom. (The numbers refer to the isotopes involved.)
No. Burning a candle is a combustion reaction. As with all chemical reactions the energy released comes from the rearrangement of the electron clouds that form chemical bonds. The nuclei of the atoms remain unchanged.
The power of nuclear energy comes from the forces holding the nuclei of atoms together. This is called the strong nuclear force, and it is far stronger than the electromagnetic force that holds the atoms in molecules together. When a atom undergoes fission, some of that bonding power is released. The power is expressed as kinetic energy of the atomic products of fission, and the kinetic energy of the randomly directed atoms is what we call heat.
In a nuclear fission reaction, the energy comes from the splitting of atomic nuclei.
Fission, the splitting of atoms, and fusion, the combination of atoms, both produce generally the same kinds of energy. Some of the energy comes off as heat. The heated objects are the atoms involved and the alpha or beta particles emitted. The heat in this case can also be viewed as kinetic energy, indicating the speed of the particles. So this energy can be regarded as kinetic or thermal - at the sizes of object we are dealing with here, there is not much difference. Some of the energy is emitted as gamma rays, which are highly energetic photons. This is electromagnetic energy.
The suns energy produces energy through a process called Nuclear Fusion. Fusion is the process where nuclear reactions occur with small nuclei combining to form larger nuclei with excess energy given off in the form of radiation or particle emission. The end result is smaller nuclei are combined to produce larger ones and energy is given off. This process gives off energy only for the smaller nuclei and in the sun, hydrogen is consumed to produce helium as the primary process. But, this is not the only fusion reaction and eventually helium atoms are combined and eventually you get carbon atoms and eventually you get iron atoms through fusion. The details can get complex because there are many nuclear reactions occurring between small nuclei in the sun, but the general process is combining small nuclei until the processes no longer produce enough energy to be favorable. In a star like our sun, the fusion process get interrupted after a long time and various other things happen such as developing into a red giant star. So, for a more specific description of the evolution of stars, there are other answers to other questions.