It is called doing research, but this would mostly apply on science terms.
The numbers in a mulitplication question are called factors. The answer is a product. So, say if the question was 5x5. We all know it is 25. 5 and 5 are your factors, and 25 is your product.
A new question in an experiment would be a revised hypothesis.
If I am not Mistaken I believe they are called climatologist.
Usually the current 'answer' to a scientific problem would be called a theory. However when used in an experiment people refer to the current answer to a problem as the nul hypothesis and the new, to be tested, theory as the alternative hypothesis.
3 and 5 are called factors. 15 is your product. When you multiply two factors together, you get a product.
Yes, but it depends what kind of science you are studying. If you are doing this type of question you have deal with the weather so it is called weather science which studies things like clouds.
The science of flight of airplanes is called aerodynamics. It involves the study of the movement of air around the aircraft, the forces acting on the airplane, and how these factors affect the design and performance of the aircraft.
Lol This Is For Your Science Homework :) I Have Exact Same Question :)
It is called rumination, or chewing cud. Also, see the related question below.
Science with no immediate application is called pure science.
Ergonomics or Human Factors, depending on when and where you were educated.