That's "centrifugal force". It's not a "real" force like gravity, but is a convenient way of describing the effect of the inertia of the planets. (The planets would move in straight lines if they were not in a gravity field.)
Nothing keeps them from being pulled. Earth's gravity certainly pulls on them.
Not all of the planets are held by gravity.
The energy of their rotation round their orbits acts against the central force of gravity, in the same way as a ball on a string can be whirled round even though the tension in the string is pulling the ball towards the centre all the time.
The Earth, Moon and other planets stay in their orbits under the force of gravity, following Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
Gravity.
The motion of the planets are governed by a number of factors: Gravity - The planets are being pulled towards the Sun in free fall. The velocity of the planets - This balances against the force of gravity opposing it and producing on balance the orbit. The mass of the planets. The effect of gravitational attraction between the planet and any satellites it has. The effect of gravitational attraction between the planets and other planets/dwarf planets etc.
Gravity is what sets the planets in motion. The force that keeps them in motion is known as inertia in the law of physics.
Nothing keeps them from being pulled. Earth's gravity certainly pulls on them.
They are being pulled by the force of gravity
It is half the reason, at least. Gravity is the force pulling the planets towards the sun, but they also have a velocity working perpendicular to it. With the velocity alone, the planets would fly off into space. With gravity alone, the planets would be pulled into the sun.
The planet moves forward in its orbit while being pulled sideways by gravity acting between it and the Sun. Isaac Newton showed that each planets obeys the laws of motion and must follow an elliptical orbit that obeys Kepler's laws when the force of gravity is inversely proportional to the square of distance.
centripetal is the force pulling towards the center of a circle. And centrifiugal is artificial gravity. It makes you "feel" like you are being pulled into one direction when you are being pulled to the other.
No. What brings rain down, gravity, is a force. Rain is simply water being pulled down by gravity in little drops from clouds in the sky.
Gravity. Specifically, the gravity of the Sun.
Not all of the planets are held by gravity.
Gravity is the force which directs the path of the planets.
-- the massses of the two masses that are being pulled together by gravity -- the distance between them