A dike.
The slab that forms when magma forces itself across rock layers is called a dike.
A dike forms when magma is injected into a crack in the rock and solidifies underground. It is characterized by a tabular shape that cuts across existing rock layers. Dikes are typically composed of igneous rock, such as basalt or granite.
A crosscutting feature is always younger than the rock layers it cuts through because the feature always forms after the rock layers have been formed, making the rock layers older.
sill
The slab of volcanic rock that is formed when magma forces itself across rock layers is called a dike. This will eventually build into mountains.
That would be sedimentary rock, and (honorable mention) occasionally metamorphic rock.
A crosscutting feature is always younger than the rock layers it cuts through because the feature always forms after the rock layers have been formed, making the rock layers older.
I have no clue
If the magma forces itself along a plane that is parallel to the bedding or foliation planes of the rock strata then (in other words it squeezes between two existing layers) it is a sill. If however it cuts across the bedding or foliation planes it is a dyke. For more information, please see the related links.
Sedimentary rock.
sedimentary
Lava that cuts across rock layers hardens to form a feature called a Dike.