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Chromosomes are made of DNA and contains genes. These genes code for RNA and proteins which include structural proteins, hormones, enzymes, antibodies and many more. The enzymes speed up chemical reactions within the body that are essential for life and control many of the traits that you can see e.g eye colour, skin colour etc.

Genes can be in different forms e.g blue eyes or brown eyes and these are called alleles. We have 2 copies of every chromosome and so 2 copies of every gene

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