Carbon dioxide
When copper sulfate (blue) and sodium carbonate (colorless) are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs that forms copper carbonate as a product, which is green in color. The green color comes from the copper carbonate that is insoluble in water and precipitates out when the two solutions are mixed.
When copper carbonate is heated, it decomposes to form copper oxide and carbon dioxide gas, leaving behind copper oxide residue. When copper carbonate is mixed with acids to produce copper salts, a blue residue may be left behind.
The precipitate formed when copper sulfate and sodium carbonate are mixed is copper carbonate. This reaction occurs because copper carbonate is insoluble in water and therefore forms a solid precipitate.
Copper carbonate would precipitate if you combined solutions of copper (II) chloride and sodium carbonate.
Copper carbonate is not very soluble in water. When mixed with water, only a small amount of copper carbonate will dissolve, resulting in a cloudy blue solution.
When copper sulfate and sodium carbonate are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs. This reaction forms copper carbonate, a new substance with different properties than the reactants. Therefore, the mixing of copper sulfate and sodium carbonate is a chemical change.
Copper carbonate reacts with acid to form copper II ions which are blue-green in color. When these copper ions are mixed with hydroxide ions they form copper hydroxide which is then oxidized to form green copper oxide. This green pigment mixed with other materials becomes "greenium."
When copper is mixed with limewater, no immediate reaction occurs. Limewater is a solution of calcium hydroxide, which is not reactive with copper. However, if copper is exposed to air and moisture over time, it may develop a greenish layer of copper carbonate on its surface.
When copper carbonate is mixed with hydrochloric acid, a chemical reaction occurs which produces copper chloride, carbon dioxide gas, and water. The copper carbonate will dissolve and react with the hydrochloric acid to form a blue-green solution. The carbon dioxide gas bubbles out of the solution, creating fizzing or effervescence.
The gas carbon dioxide is released.
If nitric acid is mixed with calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide gas would be produced along with calcium nitrate and water.
Limestone, which contains calcium carbonate, is heated in a kiln to produce lime. This lime is a key ingredient in the production of cement when mixed with other materials such as sand and water.