The only thing you need to know in order to size your wire is the "5.1 amp" amount.
Figure on the motor drawing double on startup, so say, 10 amps, or so.
18 gauge wire would pack your 5.1 amps just fine, but it is a little flimsy . . . I would use 16 gauge, instead.
Of course, the insulation on the wire you select should be rated for 600 volts or more.
If the motor is operated from a three phase three wire distribution system the motor will not need a neutral wire.
It sounds like you have a three phase motor that you are trying to put in where you have a single phase 120volt motor. You can purchase a three phase inverter, but the cost will exceed the cost of the new motor sized for the right wiring and voltage.
To answer this question the amperage or the wattage of the motor must be given.
I am assuming that this is a one and a half HP motor. To wire a 120V 20A motor the electrical code states that the conductor has to be 125% of the motor's full load amps. This equals 25 amps. There is no wire rated at 25 amps so the next size up is 30 amps. A #10 copper wire with an insulation factor of 60, 75 and 90 degrees C is rated at 30 amps. To carry this to a conclusion This #10 wire should be protected by either 60 amp non time delay fuses or 35 amp time delay fuses or a two pole 50 amp breaker.
Three-wire transmission is used on balanced three-phase systems when the current is known to be equal in all three phases, for example when supplying a three-phase motor. A fourth neutral wire is used when the system is liable to have unequal currents or when multiple single-phase supplies are connected to it.
No. If the motor runs backwards, swap any two phases to reverse the rotation, like this: Old wiring: phase A - brown wire - motor lead T1 phase B - yellow wire - motor lead T2 phase C - orange wire - motor lead T3 New wiring: phase A - brown wire - motor lead T2 phase B - yellow wire - motor lead T1 phase C - orange wire - motor lead T3
It is very simple. Just interchange any two phase wires. i.e. Y and B ( or ) R and B ( or ) R and Y for example Stop the supply. keep R phase wire as it is and disconnect B phase wire and Y phase wire. Connect B phase wire to the Y phase motor stud and Y phase wire to the B phase motor stud. Now give the supply, now motor revolves in opposite direction to the earlier.
If the motor is operated from a three phase three wire distribution system the motor will not need a neutral wire.
If the motor wire numbers are L1, L2 and L3, it is not a single phase motor. It is a three phase motor. Also for future reference, a 220 volt single phase motor does not use a neutral.
3
You don't.
Check the motor's terminal box. If there are three service input cables - such as red, yellow and blue - plus an earth wire, then it is a three phase motor. If there are only two wires plus an earth wire, then it is single phase.
12 gauge wire is used for household plugins, and 14 gauge wire is used for lights. So, 12 gauge is the size to use. But since a freezer has an electric motor, it is best to not plug anything else with a motor into the same circuit.
It sounds like you have a three phase motor that you are trying to put in where you have a single phase 120volt motor. You can purchase a three phase inverter, but the cost will exceed the cost of the new motor sized for the right wiring and voltage.
There is only one ground wire needed on any motor, single or three phase.
If the motor is a three phase the most likely voltage the motor operates on will be 480 volts.
I have never come across a three phase capacitor start motor. Any three phase motors I have worked on are induction start.