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What gave Ancient Roman sports its popularity?

Updated: 8/21/2019
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The only sports which had a widespread popularity as an entertainment in Rome were the chariot races and the gladiatorial games. The chariot races were quite dangerous because the racing was around a very tight track and because the competitors were allowed to try to make each other crash. This gave the spectators an extra thrill. The gladiatorial games were popular because it was a display of physical prowess and fighting skills. Contrary to the stereotype, gladiatorial fights were not fights to the death. The defeated gladiator would stop the game and ask for mercy. Sparing is life was the common practice. There were gladiators who were praised for winning without shedding blood. The training of gladiators was rigorous and combat was considered a science. Nevertheless, the fights were dangerous and death rates were high.

The gladiatorial games were turned into highly publicised public games by Julius Caesar. Organising these games also assumed political connotation as rich men, politicians and emperors did this to seek popularity. For the masses of the poor it provided entertainment in a boring life of hardship. The elite used the phrase 'bread and circuses' (racing tracks) because they believed that keeping the poor fed (with a free grain dole) and entertained prevented riots.

The other Romans sports can be called Greco-Roman sports (athletics, boxing and Wrestling are some which still survive) because the Romans adopted the form the Greeks. They were not as popular for entertainment. They were practiced mainly to maintain physical and fighting prowess in a military-minded society. The Romans also did exercises and played sports at the baths (which they attended most days).

This was because they believed that cleanliness, and physical and mental exercise was key to good health: "mens sana in corpore sano" (sound/healthy mind in healthy body).

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