Probably eating a lot of fruit. If there's abundant vitamin C in the diet, it doesn't really matter if you can make it yourself or not, so there's no evolutionary advantage to keeping around the cellular machinery to do so.
Because the gene that synthesizes vitamin C is full of deleterious mutations in humans and is inactivated. This is posited to be caused by our primate ancestors being basically fruitovores and not needing to synthesize vitamin C, so this gene could have started picking up mutations that were not visible to natural selection and so were not selected out.
The expression of a Gene causes the synthesis of Its associated protein.
synthesized from coded information of gene
A fossil gene is basically DNA leftover from our ancestors, and it has to do with evolutionary biology.
Protein S is a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein synthesized in the endothelium. In the circulation, Protein S exists in two forms: a free form and a complex form bound to complement protein C4b. In humans, protein S is encoded by the PROS1 gene.
These genes have lost there protein coding abilities and are riddled with deleterious mutations. Two points to the evolutionary theory contribution. By example. Firstly, all great apes have a vitamin C pseudogene that links humans to all other great apes showing common ancestry. Secondly, this gene is inactive in fruitavores ( humans are common ancestors to fruitavores ) as they eat all the vitamin C they need so this gene became invisible to natural selection and deleterious mutation accumulating in the gene were not selected against as the survival and reproductive success of these organisms was no longer affected by not synthesizing vitamin C.
Transgenic Organism
The one gene-one polypeptide theory states that for every gene one protein is synthesized n a cell. This theory has lost favor with the discoveries of post-translational modification, protein splicing and epigenetics, all of which support the production of multiple protein products from a single gene.
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The prophage takes an antibiotic resistance gene with it and is packaged with the newly synthesized viral DNA.
It is cytoplasm where they are synthesized. Gene expression happens in the DNA at nucleus, that transcribe mRNA. Exported RNA then used as a template to be translated to protein by ribosomes in cytoplasm.
They are examples of a pair of alleles, possibly from the vitamin D receptor gene