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The articles will break and fracture when a force is applied to them. These broken up particles will fill up void spaces, creating a larger surface area with new contact points. These new contact points will lead to a strengthened surface. Excipients which are known to undergo brittle fracture include lactose and Ca phosphate.
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What happens during plastic deformation for the excipients of drugs?
When a large force is being applied to the particles, deformation becomes irreversible. The applied force will cause the particles to change shape leading to void spaces being filled. Examples of excipients which are known to undergo plastic deformation when a force is applied to them include microcrystalline celluose and LHPC.
What is the importance of tests?
Impact test determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. This absorbed energy is a measure of a given material's toughness and acts as a tool to study temperature-dependent brittle-ductile transition. It is to determine whether the material is brittle or ductile in nature.
What happens to a material during ductile deformation?
During ductile deformation, a material undergoes plastic deformation, meaning it permanently changes shape without breaking. This results in the material stretching and elongating before eventually yielding and forming necks or thin regions. The material exhibits a higher degree of deformation before fracture compared to brittle materials.
What happens during elastic deformation for drugs?
Elastic deformation occurs when an opposing force is applied to the drug after particle rearrangement (i.e. the initial repacking of the particles). If the force is released before the yield point is reached, the particles of the drug will return to their original shape. However, if the force goes beyond the yield point, the powder will undergo plastic deformation or brittle fracture.
What is post weld heat treatment?
post weld heat treatment is done on the weld areas after welding, to remove the residual stress present in the welded part formed during the welding process, it prevents to cause brittle fracture in a metal
What is a greenstick fracture?
A greenstick fracture is afracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks. The bones become harder(calcified) and more brittle with age, it occurs almost exclusively during infancy and childhood when their bones are soft. The name is by analogy with green wood which similarly breaks on the outside when bent. There are three basic forms of greenstick fracture. In the first a transverse fracture occurs in the cortex, extends into the midportion of the bone and becomes oriented along the longitudinal axis of the bone without disrupting the opposite cortex. The second form is a torus or buckling fracture, caused by impaction. The third is a bow fracture in which the bone becomes curved along its longitudinal axis. A greenstick fracture is afracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks. The bones become harder(calcified) and more brittle with age, it occurs almost exclusively during infancy and childhood when their bones are soft. The name is by analogy with green wood which similarly breaks on the outside when bent. There are three basic forms of greenstick fracture. In the first a transverse fracture occurs in the cortex, extends into the midportion of the bone and becomes oriented along the longitudinal axis of the bone without disrupting the opposite cortex. The second form is a torus or buckling fracture, caused by impaction. The third is a bow fracture in which the bone becomes curved along its longitudinal axis.
What is impact transition temperature for steel?
The impact transition temperature for steel is the temperature at which the material changes from a ductile to brittle behavior during impact testing. Below this temperature, the steel becomes more susceptible to brittle fracture, which can lead to catastrophic failure in structural applications. Understanding this transition temperature is crucial for ensuring the safe and reliable performance of steel components in various environments.
What is a greenstick?
A greenstick fracture is afracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks. The bones become harder(calcified) and more brittle with age, it occurs almost exclusively during infancy and childhood when their bones are soft. The name is by analogy with green wood which similarly breaks on the outside when bent. There are three basic forms of greenstick fracture. In the first a transverse fracture occurs in the cortex, extends into the midportion of the bone and becomes oriented along the longitudinal axis of the bone without disrupting the opposite cortex. The second form is a torus or buckling fracture, caused by impaction. The third is a bow fracture in which the bone becomes curved along its longitudinal axis. A greenstick fracture is afracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks. The bones become harder(calcified) and more brittle with age, it occurs almost exclusively during infancy and childhood when their bones are soft. The name is by analogy with green wood which similarly breaks on the outside when bent. There are three basic forms of greenstick fracture. In the first a transverse fracture occurs in the cortex, extends into the midportion of the bone and becomes oriented along the longitudinal axis of the bone without disrupting the opposite cortex. The second form is a torus or buckling fracture, caused by impaction. The third is a bow fracture in which the bone becomes curved along its longitudinal axis.
What is the importance of impact test?
Impact test determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. This absorbed energy is a measure of a given material's toughness and acts as a tool to study temperature-dependent brittle-ductile transition. It is to determine whether the material is brittle or ductile in nature.
Is igneous rock rigid and brittle?
Igneous rock is typically rigid and strong due to the interlocking nature of its mineral crystals. However, its brittleness can vary depending on factors such as mineral composition, texture, and cooling rate during formation. In general, igneous rock can fracture along existing planes but can also deform plastically under high pressure and temperature conditions.
What happens to austenite during quenching?
During quenching, austenite transforms into martensite through a rapid cooling process. This transformation involves the carbon atoms being trapped within the crystal lattice structure of the martensite, resulting in a hard and brittle microstructure.
What is the use of the inspection of the fracture surface to determine the percentagr of the shiny surface?
The inspection of the fracture surface is commonly used in materials science to assess the ductility and toughness of a material. The percentage of shiny surface, also known as the "percent shear area," can provide valuable information about the mode of fracture (e.g., ductile or brittle) and the energy absorbed during fracture. A higher percentage of shiny surface typically indicates a more ductile fracture, while a lower percentage suggests a more brittle fracture. This analysis is crucial for understanding the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of materials.
