damage
A cyclone occurs over water. A hurricane occurs over land.
It weakens rapidly.
A mountain will not be affected much by a hurricane, if at all. However, if a hurricane moves over land, and especially mountains it will rapidly weaken.
hurricane occurs in wet seasons hurricane occurs in hot wet climates
When a hurricane moves onto land, it loses its main energy source (warm ocean waters) and begins to weaken. The storm can also be disrupted by friction from land surfaces and encounter drier air, which further diminishes its strength. As a result, the hurricane typically dissipates or weakens significantly as it moves over land.
hurricane occurs in wet seasons hurricane occurs in hot wet climates
The coastal flooding was the result of something called a storm surge. This occurs when the winds of a hurricane drive ocean water onto land.
A hurricane occurs at low-level coasts.
Hurricanes start out at sea to begin with. However, sometimes a hurricane will hit land, though it usually does not stay a hurricane for long if that happens, and then go back out to sea. When that happens the storm may restrengthen, though that doesn't always happen.
the ocean
Nothing in particular causes a hurricane to hit land. The paths of hurricanes are influenced by large-scale wind currents, which include the global wind belts and the winds created by other weather systems. Sometimes the path of a hurricane happens to go onto land, and sometimes it doesn't. You tend to hear more about the ones that hit land because those are the ones that cause damage.
When the eye of a hurricane moves over land, it is called landfall.