Radiation.
Energy from the sun that is absorbed by the Earth's surface is reflected back into the atmosphere or absorbed by land and water and transformed into heat.
pressure from the heat under the earths surface
Earth's surface is free to radiate heat into space. The interior is not. The interior does transfer heat the the surface, but rather slowly. It is hot due to residual heat from Earth's formation and from the heat generated by the decay of radioactive elements.
The energy from the sun that is absorbed by the Earth's surface is converted into heat. This heat is then re-radiated back into the atmosphere, contributing to the Earth's overall temperature and driving weather patterns and climate systems.
Beneath the surface of the earth temperature remains the same. Within the Earth, irregular convection cells within the mantle transfer heat from the core to the surface of the planet. Volcanoes and earthquakes are two examples of heat transferring from the interior to the surface.
Heat from the sun
Temperature increases as you move from the Earth's surface towards the center. This is because the Earth's core is extremely hot due to the heat generated from radioactive decay and residual heat from the planet's formation.
Because of the heat and light
A hotspot volcano.
I would call this convection currents in the mantle.
the objects which enter the earths atmosphere are being pulled down towards the earths surface due to the earths gravity. And so it leads to falling falling of large objects from the space on the surface of the earth.
Greenhouse gases absorb Infrared heat rising from the surface of the earth.