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with your image resolution? Nothing happens it remains the same till you change it in Image Size dialog. Image > Image Size.. Magnification is for your convenience to see enlarged image nothing really happens to actual resolution of original image.
the focal length of the eye lens is adjusted so that the image distance does not change.
your image reflects back
If everything is working as it should, the image distance in the eye never changes. The image always needs to focus on the retina, which doesn't move. This is where the lens comes in, specifically its ability to change its focal length. When the object distance changes, the focal length has to change, in order to keep the image distance constant. Muscles around the lens change the shape of the lens, in order to change its focal length.
the image looks shortened.
a key image is where something happens
Absolutely nothing. A scale factor of 1 is the same as saying do not change the scale.
size of image increases
Not normally but there will be a change in the coodinates of the reflected image on the Cartesian plane
Muscles change the shape of the lens in your eye to make sure the image is at its best on the retina
Image Size
this happens because you are taking a 3D image to a 2D image