manages the data transport between the processes running on each end host
its depend on which protocol used in transport layer
packet will be routed in network until its TTL reaches to 0,then it will be discard jawad ciit wah campus
The token is set to 'received' and both the token and the packet are regenerated and placed on the network for the next station. The only system that may remove the packet is the station that originally sent it.
Yes, VPN uses IPSec to encrypt the contents of the packet in one of two ways. The packet is encrypted and then placed in another packet for transport, with tunnel encryption the entire packet is encrypted including the header is placed in the public network packet.
it gets cached and reassembled.
ngn use an ip as a transport unlike in analog switching, it uses packet switching
The Network layer (Layer 3, typically IP) will receive a segment from the Transport layer (Layer 4, typically TCP or UDP), and will add its own header to it to create a packet. The size of the packet will thus always be the size of the segment plus the Network layer header, the same as when the next layer down (the Data Link layer, layer 2, typically Ethernet) encapsulates the packet into a frame for transmission.
bobo The packet is sent to discover neighbors within the EIGRP network. The packet is sent to search for network devices within an EIGRP network. The packet is used to propagate routing information within the EIGRP network. The packet is used to send an unreachable reply to another router within the EIGRP network.
The Internet is packet switched, meaning each individual packet is routed from the source to the destination separately, and possibly through different paths. An example of a circuit-switched network would be the telephone network, where a connection from one end to the other is created and maintained until the call is disconnected.
The transport layer segments data whenever the size of the packet is too large to transport efficiently--in practice, this happens whenever the data is too large to fit in a single network layer packet. Although the network layer can also fragment packets, the process is inefficient and generally the transport layer segment size is adjusted so that no further division is required in the network layer. Much more details are here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_header#Maximum_segment_size
An IP packet is a network data packet using Internet Protocol (IP) format.
An upper-layer packet is split into 10 frames, each of which has an 80 percent chance of arriving undamaged. If no error control is done by the data link protocol, how many times must the message be sent on average to get the entire thing through? An connection-oriented service (like TCP) does error checking and requests data to be resend. The packet has several options for error free transport. Connectionless service (think UDP) does not check for undamaged arival. It has a much smaller packet size and is also faster.