it causes mountains and sometimes earthquakes
Sometimes, they buckle and create mountains. More often than not, the less dense plate slips under the more dense plate.
When two plates carrying continental crust collide, the continental crust is too light to subduct beneath the other plate. Instead, the plates crumple and fold, leading to the formation of mountain ranges. This process is known as continental collision.
Landforms such as ocean trenches and mountain ranges are created.
It's referred to as a Convergent Boundary If 2 Continental Plates --> Mountains If 2 Oceanic Plates --> Subduction of Heavier (older) Plate If Continental-Oceanic --> Oceanic Plate slides under the Continental Plate (Subduction of Oceanic)
The three different types of convergent plate boundaries are oceanic-continental, oceanic-oceanic, and continental-continental. In an oceanic-continental boundary, the denser oceanic plate subducts beneath the less dense continental plate. In an oceanic-oceanic boundary, one oceanic plate subducts beneath another. In a continental-continental boundary, the plates collide and uplift, forming mountain ranges.
Two major land formations that occur at convergent boundaries are volcanic arcs and mountain ranges. When oceanic and continental plates collide, volcanic arcs are formed due to the subduction of the oceanic plate beneath the continental plate. Alternatively, when two continental plates collide, mountain ranges are formed through the intense compression and folding of the Earth's crust.
When two continental plates collide, they can form mountain ranges due to the intense compression and uplift of the Earth's crust. This collision can also lead to the formation of earthquakes as the plates grind against each other. Over time, the collision can result in the merging of the two continental plates into a single larger landmass.
Oceanic-continental convergence (when an oceanic plate meets a continental plate) & oceanic-oceanic convergence (2 oceanic plates) both involve oceanic plates & subduction. Continental-continental convergence (2 continental plates) involves neither.
1. Oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundary. 2. Continental-continental convergent plate boundary. and 3. Oceanic-continental convergent plate boundary.
A mountain
When two plates collide directly (versus sliding along each other) they typically form a mountain range. For example, the Himalayan Mountains are are formed by the collision of the Eurasian Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. As John McPhee says in "Annals of the Former World", the most amazing thing is that the summit of Mount Everest, the worlds tallest mountain, is marine limestone.
Oceanic-continental convergent boundary: Where oceanic plates subduct beneath continental plates, creating deep ocean trenches and volcanic arcs on the overriding plate. Continental-continental convergent boundary: Where two continental plates collide, causing intense folding and faulting to create mountain ranges. An example is the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, forming the Himalayas.