If it is a criminal trial - depending on the type of trial and court - usually it is followed by a sentencing hearing - followed by the pronouncement of the sentence - followed by the imposition of the sentence. Of course, for traffic offenses, and civil cases the procedure is somewhat different.
There is no "legal" term for it other than GUILTY.
Convicted.
If your charges were DISMISSED before you went to trial, then your charges were simply dismissed. However if you went to trial, there is no such finding as "innocent," the only verdicts are 'guilty' and 'not guilty.'
Guilty is the legal term that is used to describe someone who has committed an illegal act. There is no other term used to describe this.
Probation is a sentence for being found guilty of a crime. So - therefore - you WERE found guilty of something. You are being held because you violated your sentence of probation which caused it to be revoked and converted to a jail term. You can remain in detention until the term of your sentence is completed.
Mens rea
Unless the question is asking for a 'slang' term, there is no legal word or definition that applies to such an individual.
empeachment
Rod Blagojevich was found guilty of making false statements to federal officials. He faces a prison term of up to 5 years and a fine of $250,000.
If you are found guilty of this particular perjury charge, then you have been found guilty of a class A misdemeanor, which cannot carry a term of more than one year in jail.
The word "innocent" means the same as "not guilty". But nowhere apart from Scotland is anyone "found innocent". That is because in all common law systems, accused persons are presumed innocent unless proven to be guilty. If there is not enough proof that the person is guilty, he is found to be "not guilty" even though there is no proof of his innocence. The OJ Simpson case is a case in point. One court found that there was more evidence of his guilt than there was of his innocence, but another court found that there was not enough evidence of his guilt to find that he was proven guilty of the crime. He was therefore found not guilty although no court would find him innocent.
Non Compos Mentis
The term convicted means accused, for instance if you are convicted of a murder, someone is accusing you of that murder. The proper definition is to find or prove to be guilty, to convince of error or sinfulness.
"Imprisonment" meaning actually being sentenced to prison, means that you have been found guilty of a felony offense and have been sentenced to serve a term of more than one year incarceration."Imprisonment," used loosely, to mean simply being jailed, could be caused by any number of things. Usually it means that you have been charged with a crime and are awaiting court action, OR - you have been tried and found guilty of a misdemeanor offense for which the term of incarceration is LESS than one year.