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The regular electronic structure of 4 bonding electrons per atom is frustrated, because the gallium provides only 3. This situation is called "a hole in the valence band". If an electron jumps from a nearby silicon atom to fill this hole, there appears a hole where it came from (so it looks like the hole has moved, as it indeed has). This movement can be influenced by electric fields, and is called p-type, or hole, conduction (which is strictly electron movements in the "valence" band of the silicon).

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14y ago

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