What happens when you turn up the temperature of your oven?

If you mean "How does the inside temperature increase and stay there when you turn up the temperature" it's because there is a thermostat inside the oven. When you set the temperature on the oven, the heat will keep increasing and would keep going higher and higher if it wasn't for the fact that there was a thermostat inside. The thermostat will 'click off" once the temperature inside the oven has reached the temperature that you set the dial at. Basically, the element will turn off once it has reached this temperature, and will turn on again when it has cooled the oven down by just a few degrees, then the heat will increase again until it has reached the set heat-level again etc, and so on and so forth. The temperature the hottest to the coolest as this goes on.