Ellicit drugs, alcohol and nicotine.
To my knowledge there is only one way. Across the placenta and into the foetus. Everything taken into mothers body will pass across the placenta, around the system of the foetus and even returning waste back across the placenta through the magic of Osmosis.
because the foetus gets food through placenta
Through the placenta and umbilical cord.
The nutrients are absorbed through the placenta by the foetus. The foetus gets the oxygen and nutrition from the mother. The blood of the mother and foetus comes very close to each other in the placenta. Both are not mixed up. They are separated by very thin membrane. The surface area of the contact is very large as compared to the size of placenta.
Through the placenta via the umbilical cord to the foetus.
Through the mother's lungs into her bloodstream, then across the placenta and through the umbilical cord to the fetus.
Placenta
To hold the growing fetus .
To hold the growing fetus .
The fetus gets food and oxygen through the umbilical cord.
Carbon dioxide and other such waste gases diffuse from the foetus and across the placenta into the mother's blood. Urea (excretory product) also diffuses into the mother's blood. (The substances in bold will answer question).
the blood from the mother runs alongside the blood from the foetus ;the mother's blood carries food and oxygen to the baby .The oxygen reachs the lungs and carbon dioxide +waste exits through the umbilical cord . Although they run beside each other they never mix.