Joanes Catur Wibono has written:
'Tokoh-tokoh perempuan pendobrak tradisi etnis Tionghoa dan Bali dalam beberapa drama modern'
Catur T. B. Joko Purwanto has written: 'Kesenjangan pertumbuhan antar sub wilayah pembangunan dan perkembangan urbanisasi di Kabupaten Sukoharjo'
I G. A. Putra has written: 'Catur yadnya' -- subject(s): Hinduism, Liturgy 'Upakara bhuta yadnya' 'Keterangan beberapa jenis jejahitan dan banten'
utut adianto
Wan Seng. Ann has written: 'Gerakan sosio-agama di Malaysia' 'Penderaan kanak-kanak di Malaysia' -- subject(s): Child abuse 'Perayaan orang Cina' -- subject(s): Social life and customs, Festivals, Chinese 'Arqam catur dunia' 'Kepercayaan orang Cina' -- subject(s): Religion, Chinese
You can't predict the status of Hindu Caste under government reservation, Since the base of Hindus are Vedas.Vishwakarma or Dhiman (also known as Vishwabrahmin or Dhiman Brahmins) Are born Brahmins.Vishwakarma acharya are divided into five gotras (or clans); each Rishi's name is mentioned in the Yajurveda (4.3.3)1.Sanaga (Son of Manu (Shiva))2.Sanatana (Son of Maya (Vishnu))3.Abhuvana (Son of Tvashtha (Brahma of four faces))4.Pratanan (Son of Silpi (Indra))5.Suparna (Son of Vishvajna (Surya))These Rishi's were called as Pancha Rishi Brahmins or Pancha Brahmam From this 5 Face vishwakarmas generations are started.100% Pure Brahmins as per vedas."catur-varnyam maya srstam".1.Brahmins, 2.Kshatriya,3.Vaishya 4.Sudra.Some places of India they are economically Backward. But According To Vedas Upper caste Hindu.
The names of those who died and the bodies has been identified are: # Garth McEvoy (Australian) # Senger Craig Andrew (Australian) # Verity Nathan John (Australian) # Timothy Mackay (New Zealand) # Evert Mokodomvis (Indonesian) The names of those who were injured can be found in hospitals at Jakarta, Indonesia. Below is the list of the names who were injured: # Sidik Maulana (21) # Aryo (31) # Edward Thielsen # David Petter # Beni Purwanto # Adri (23) # Dikdik Ahmad Taufik (39) # Dewi Lestari (22) # Ririn (25) # Henri # Sahman # Adrianto Makhnbu # Catur Rindu # Cho Ing Sang # Dadang Hidayat # Giovanni # Hut Bosco Keung # Ibushi Asu # Jame Makkeba # Junita # Jurika Kartika # Kevin # Linda # Marico # Melisa # Mr William # Noke Kiroyan # Oki Utomo # Peter # Regi Aalstad # Rinaldi Domika # Scott Mirillies # Shweta Shukita # Simon Louis # Sudargo # Yoga # Yurika # Yurike # Yusuf # Yusuf P This list is a subject to be updated.
The short answer: no, not if they are following Buddhism correctly. A Buddhist is someone who has taken refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha, and who makes an effort to follow the Noble Eightfold Path - the path of morality, meditation and wisdom. When observing the morality segment of the path, all Buddhists are expected to keep a certain number of moral precepts. For monks and nuns this number exceeds two hundred; for lay-people this will number no less than five. These five precepts constitute the basic Buddhist moral code. They are: # To avoid killing # To avoid stealing # To avoid sexual misconduct # To avoid false speech # To avoid alcohol and drugs. The Buddha said that addiction to intoxicants is one of the six causes of ruin. It brings about six main disadvantages: # loss of wealth, # arguments and strife, # poor health, # ruined reputation # shameless and indecent behaviour, # weakened intelligence. The fifth precept is often said to be the most important because if you break that one you can very easily break the rest, as the number of alcohol and drug related crimes testifies.
Aaron Spelling has: Performed in "Treasury Men in Action" in 1950. Performed in "Big Town" in 1950. Played Ollie in "Dragnet" in 1951. Played Charlie Coleman in "Dragnet" in 1951. Performed in "Dragnet" in 1951. Played Gas Station Man in "I Love Lucy" in 1951. Played Charles Boyd in "Dragnet" in 1951. Played Bruce Marcus in "Dragnet" in 1951. Played Billy in "The Man Behind the Badge" in 1953. Played Elevator Operator in "I Led 3 Lives" in 1953. Played Harry Williams in "Vicki" in 1953. Played Catur in "Three Young Texans" in 1954. Played Olaf in "Studio 57" in 1954. Played Petie Carver in "Wyoming Renegades" in 1954. Played The Knifer in "Alaska Seas" in 1954. Played Skinny in "The Bamboo Prison" in 1954. Played Docker in "Studio 57" in 1954. Played Mr. Oliver in "Black Widow" in 1954. Played Loran Dane in "The Lone Wolf" in 1954. Played Dog Catcher in "Willy" in 1954. Played Willie Hanson in "Mad at the World" in 1955. Played Andrew Hock in "Crusader" in 1955. Played Charlie Applegood in "Soldiers of Fortune" in 1955. Played Weed Pindle in "Gunsmoke" in 1955. Played Beggar in "Kismet" in 1955. Played Valentino in "Crusader" in 1955. Played Max in "The Millionaire" in 1955. Played Pfc. Strangler in "Target Zero" in 1955. Played Road Worker in "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" in 1955. Played Mr. Fearless in "The Spirit of St. Louis" in 1957. Played himself in "Dateline: Hollywood" in 1967. Played himself in "Sammy and Company" in 1975. Played himself in "Headline News" in 1982. Played himself in "The 19th Annual Publicists Guild of America Awards" in 1982. Played himself in "The 40th Annual Golden Globe Awards" in 1983. Played Himself - Honoree in "The Annual Humanitarian of Year Honors Aaron Spelling" in 1983. Played himself in "The American Film Institute Salute to Lillian Gish" in 1984. Played himself in "The 41st Annual Golden Globe Awards" in 1984. Played himself in "Biography" in 1987. Played Executive in Limo in "Beverly Hills, 90210" in 1990. Played himself in "The Powers That Be" in 1992. Played himself in "TV Guide: 40th Anniversary Special" in 1993. Played himself in "The 1993 Annual Vision Awards" in 1993. Played himself in "Intimate Portrait" in 1993. Played Himself - Winner: Best Made for Television Movie in "The 46th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards" in 1994. Played Vincent Duke in "Sunset Beach" in 1997. Played himself in "Beverly Hills, 90210: Our Favorite Moments" in 1998. Played himself in "All-Star Party for Aaron Spelling" in 1998. Played himself in "The Women of Charmed" in 2000. Played himself in "The 70s: The Decade That Changed Television" in 2000. Played himself in "Revealed with Jules Asner" in 2001. Played himself in "TV Tales" in 2002. Played himself in "Brilliant But Cancelled" in 2002. Played himself in "Gala Paramount Pictures Celebrates 90th Anniversary with 90 Stars for 90 Years" in 2002. Played himself in "The Love Boat: TV Tales" in 2002. Played himself in "The Perfect Pitch" in 2002. Played himself in "The Desilu Story" in 2003. Played himself in "TV Guide Close Up: From Comedy Club to Primetime" in 2004. Played himself in "TV Land Moguls" in 2004. Played himself in "The 3rd Annual TV Land Awards" in 2005.
Hindu God like Visnu is called 'catur-bahu'. 'Bahu' etymologically means the fore-arm, the arm between the elbow and the wrist, the arm as a measure of length; it is also extrapolated to the space between the arms.The number of Bahu is also a tacit communication of the strength of that god. Based on our research we find a common thread of symbolism used in depicting the gods with varying number of arms. While most of the gods have four arms, some gods and goddesses have ten (Devi Durga), or even infinite arms as in the form Visswarupa (cosmic form of Visnu). The probable massage - is to tell that the existence of the god in a particular dimensional space. To quantify the 'n' in n-D space. Here Visnu is said to be existent in four dimensional space-time.Hindu gods with many pairs of arms:Vishnu with four arms:Vishnu is the only Hindu god who would consistently have four arms.Vishnu is symbolic of the status quo maintaining Semi voluntary force. Since it is made of two forces viz. Voluntary force and Involuntary force, it enables us to do two things at a time. Even when we are doing just one thing we can use one force for execution and the other for control. Therefore, Vishnu, who symbolizes this forces, is represented with two pairs of arms.Incarnations of Vishnu after Narasimhavatara, where status quo function is not necessary, have a single pair of arms only.Other Hindu gods with four arms:Ganesha is a popular Hindu god who is always represented with four arms.Since two pairs of arms indicate the ability to execute and the simultaneous ability to control what is executed, two pairs of arms were added to practically all gods and goddesses. It is for this reason that, with time, many of the Hindu gods became less popular.The other god who is invariably presented with four arms is Brahma. However, Brahma is a rarely worshiped god.Goddesses with more than four arms:The Shakti goddesses may have up to ten pairs of arms. However, these are goddesses of illusion, that enable us to create an illusion that we are greater than we look. Thus, these goddesses would be holding weapons of all other gods.Krishna and Vishvarupa:Krishna usually would have a single pair of arms. However, in Vishvarupa he may have countless pairs of arms. In this form Krishna is considered as the supreme Hindu god and thus he would have features of all Hindu gods, including the Shakti gods, who themselves have up to ten pairs of arms.The number of arms indicate the options we would have.Other factors remaining constant,1. Gods with single pair of arms make us progress faster2. Gods with many pairs of arms make our life safer, but retard progress3. Gods with two pairs of arms are the optimum gods
MonismFurther information: Hindu CreationismFurther information: Jainism and non-creationismMonism has its origin in Hellenistic philosophy as a concept of all things deriving from a single substance or being. Following a long and still current tradition H.P. Owen (1971: 65) claimed that:"Pantheists are 'monists'...they believe that there is only one Being, and that all other forms of reality are either modes (or appearances) of it or identical with it."Although, like Spinoza, some pantheists may also be monists, and monism may even be essential to some versions of pantheism (like Spinoza's), not all pantheists are monists. Some are polytheists and some are pluralists; they believe that there are many things and kinds of things and many different kinds of value.[6] Not all Monists are Pantheists. Exclusive Monists believe that the universe, the God of the Pantheist, simply does not exist. In addition, monists can be Deists, Pandeists, Theists or Panentheists; believing in a monotheistic God that is omnipotent and all-pervading, and both transcendent and immanent. There are monist pantheists and panentheists in Hinduism (particularly in Advaita and Vishistadvaita respectively), Judaism (monistic panentheism is especially found in Kabbalah and Hasidic philosophy), in Christianity (especially among Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, and Anglicans) and in Islam (among the Sufis, especially the Bektashi).HinduIn Advaita Vedanta, Brahman is the abstract notion of "the Absolute" from which the universe takes its origin from golden ege(may be big bang), and at an ultimate level, all assertions of a distinction between Brahman, other gods and creation are meaningless (monism). "The Vedanta-sutra begins by declaring that the Absolute Person is the original source of all creation (janmady asya yatah [SB 1.1.1]). One may ask whether Lord Brahma is the Supreme Absolute Person. No, the Supreme Absolute Person is Krishna(Caitanya). Brahma receives his mind, intelligence, materials and everything else from Krishna, and then he becomes the secondary creator, the engineer of this universe. In this regard we may note that the creation does not take place accidentally, because of the explosion of a chunk. Such nonsensical theories are not accepted by Vedic students. The first created living being is Brahma, who is endowed with perfect knowledge and intelligence by the Lord. As stated in Srimad-Bhagavatam, tene brahma hrida ya adi-kavaye: although Brahma is the first created being, he is not independent, for he receives help from the Supreme Personality of Godhead through his heart. There is no one but Brahma at the time of creation, and therefore he receives his intelligence directly from the Lord through the heart. This has been discussed in the beginning of Srimad-Bhagavatam.Lord Brahma is described in this verse as the original cause of the cosmic manifestation, and this applies to his position in the material world. There are many, many such controllers, all of whom are created by the Supreme Lord, Vishnu. This is illustrated by an incident described in Caitanya-caritamrita. When the Brahma of this particular universe was invited by Krishna to Dvaraka, he thought that he was the only Brahma. Therefore when Krishna inquired from His servant which Brahma was at the door to visit, Lord Brahma was surprised. He replied that of course Lord Brahma, the father of the four Kumaras, was waiting at the door. Later, Lord Brahma asked Krishna why He had inquired which Brahma had come. He was then informed that there are millions of other Brahmas because there are millions of universes. Krishna then called all the Brahmas, who immediately came to visit Him. The catur-mukha Brahma, the four-headed Brahma of this universe, thought himself a very insignificant creature in the presence of so many Brahmas with so many heads. Thus although there is a Brahma who is the engineer of each universe, Krishna is the original source of all of them."BuddhismSome gods in Buddhism have the view that they are creators of the world. For example, Baka Brahma. However, Buddha pointed out to them that they do not know the whole extent of the universe (he said they have no knowledge of some of the highest heavens), and further, the spiritual power of the Buddha was greater than the spiritual power of these gods who thought they created the world. One of the Suttas dealing with this subject is the Kevaddha Sutta. Also, Buddha said (in DN1 - the Brahmajala Sutta or The Net of Views) that their view of being the creator of the world is a misconception, and that these Brahma-gods actually have a cause which lead their origination (taking birth as a Brahma-god). Buddha even tells how the views concerning 'creator gods' originate in the world - through junior Brahma-gods (with a more limited life-span) who, on their passing away, get reborn as a human, and through practicing meditation are able to remember their previous life as a junior god to a Brahma god.Then, he starts to preach this view of a 'creator god' to others (see DN1 - the Brahmajala Sutta). Jainism similarly believes in "craftsman" deities responsible for the physical world, which are however transcended by a static and uncreated universe.MonotheismChristianity, Judaism, Sikhism and Islam teach that creation is believed to be the origin of the universe by the action of God. Among monotheists it has historically been most commonly believed that living things are God's creations, and are not the result of a process inherent in originally non-living things, unless this process is designed, initiated, or directed by God; likewise, sentient and intelligent beings are believed to be God's creation, and did not arise through the development of living but non-sentient beings, except by the intervention of God.[7]JudaismFurther information: Genesis creation myth Orthodox Judaism historically affirms that one incorporeal God (self-identified to Moses as Yahweh) is the creator of all things (many references available, see Job 38-41, for example)[8] , and that this same one created Adam and Eve personally (directly)[9]. They affirm that this Being is an indivisible one, incomparable to any created thing, and immutable.ChristianityIt is a tenet of Christian faith (Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant) that God is the creator of all things from nothing, and has made human beings in the Image of God, who by direct inference is also the source of the human soul. Within this broad understanding, however, there are a number of views regarding exactly how this doctrine ought to be interpreted. Some Christians, particularly Young Earth creationists and Old Earth creationists, interpret Genesis as a historical, accurate, and literal account of creation.Others, in contrast to both these views of acts of the Creator, may understand any of these to be, not statements of historic fact, but rather spiritual insights more vaguely defined.While the synoptic gospels do not address the question of creation, the Gospel of John famously begins:"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being ... And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth" .See Christ the Logos for interpretations of this passage.The Epistle to the Hebrews, a book of the New Testament, contains another reference to creation:"For by faith we understand the worlds were prepared by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things which are visible" .[10]Thus, in Chalcedonian Christology, Jesus is the Word of God, which was in the beginning and, thus, is uncreated, and hence is God, and consequently identical with the Creator of the world ex nihilo.The Roman Catholic Church allows for both a literal and allegorical interpretation of Genesis, so as to allow for the possibility of Creation by means of an evolutionary process over great spans of time, otherwise known as theistic evolution. It believes that the creation of the world is a work of God through the Logos, the Word (idea, intelligence, reason and logic):"In the beginning was the Word...and the Word was God...all things were made through him, and without him was not anything made that was made."The New Testament claims that God created everything by the eternal Word, Jesus Christ his beloved Son. In him"all things were created, in heaven and on earth.. . all things were created through him and for him. He is before all things, and in him all things hold together.[11]Surrounded by a pervasive culture of rationalism, relativism and secularism, the Catholic Church has asserted the primacy of reason in Christian Theology. In a 1999 lecture at the University of Paris, then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger said:The question is ... whether reason, being a chance by-product of irrationality and floating in an ocean of irrationality, is ultimately just as meaningless; or whether the principle that represents the fundamental conviction of Christian faith and of its philosophy remains true: "In principio erat Verbum" - at the beginning of all things stands the creative power of reason. Now as then, Christian faith represents the choice in favor of the priority of reason and of rationality. [...] there is no ultimate demonstration that the basic choice involved in Christianity is correct. Yet, can reason really renounce its claim to the priority of what is rational over the irrational, the claim that the Logos is at the ultimate origin of things, without abolishing itself?Even today, by reason of its choosing to assert the primacy of reason, Christianity remains "enlightened," and I think that any enlightenment that cancels this choice must, contrary to all appearances, mean, not an evolution, but an involution, a shrinking, of enlightenment.The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day SaintsFollowers of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and others within Mormonism, believe that physical reality (space, matter and/or energy) is eternal, and therefore does not have an absolute origin. The Creator is an architect and organizer of pre-existent matter and energy, who constructed the present cosmos out of the raw material through natural means.CreationismMain article: Creationism Christian fundamentalism in the USA since the 1930s has pursued Biblical literalist doctrines of "Creationism" as a counter-hypothesis opposing the scientific community, with concepts such as flood geology, creation science and intelligent design proposed as syntheses of Christian creation beliefs and scientific method.IslamAccording to Islam, God, known in Arabic as Allah, is the all-powerful and all-knowing Creator, Sustainer, Ordainer, and Judge of the universe. Islam puts a heavy emphasis on the conceptualization of God as strictly singular (tawhid). God is unique (wahid) and inherently one (ahad), all-merciful and omnipotent. According to tradition there are 99 Names of God (al-asma al-husna lit. meaning: "The best names") each of which evoke a distinct attribute of God. All these names refer to Allah, the supreme and all-comprehensive divine name. Among the 99 names of God, the most famous and most frequent of these names are "the Compassionate" (al-rahman) and "the Merciful" (al-rahim). Creation and ordering of the universe is seen as an act of prime mercy for which all creatures sing God's glories and bear witness to God's unity and lordship. According to the Islamic teachings, God exists without a place. According to the Qur'an, "No vision can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision. God is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things" (Qur'an 6:103) God in Islam is not only majestic and sovereign, but also a personal God: according to the Qur'an, God is nearer to a person than his jugular vein. (Quran 50:16) God responds to those in need or distress whenever they call. Above all, God guides humanity to the right way, "the holy way§."Islam teaches that God as referenced in the Qur'an is the only god and the same God worshipped by members of other Abrahamic religions such as Christianity and Judaism. (29:46).SikhismMain article: Sikh beliefs One of the biggest responsibilities in Sikhism is to worship God as "The Creator", termed Waheguru who is shapeless, timeless, and sightless, i.e., Nirankar, Akal, and Alakh Niranjan. The religion only takes after the belief in "One God for All" or Ik Onkar.Baha'iBahá'í teachings state that God is too great for humans to fully comprehend, or to create a complete and accurate image of, by themselves. Therefore, human understanding of God is achieved through his revelations via his Manifestations.[12][13] In the Bahá'í religion God is often referred to by titles and attributes (e.g. the All-Powerful, or the All-Loving), and there is a substantial emphasis on monotheism. Chinese MythologyPangu can be interpreted as another creator deity. In the beginning there was nothing in the universe except a formless chaos. However this chaos began to coalesce into a cosmic egg for eighteen thousand years. Within it, the perfectly opposed principles of yin and yang became balanced and Pangu emerged (or woke up) from the egg. Pangu is usually depicted as a primitive, hairy giant with horns on his head (like the Greek Pan) and clad in furs. Pangu set about the task of creating the world: he separated Yin from Yang with a swing of his giant axe, creating the Earth (murky Yin) and the Sky (clear Yang). To keep them separated, Pangu stood between them and pushed up the Sky. This task took eighteen thousand years, with each day the sky grew ten feet higher, the Earth ten feet wider, and Pangu ten feet taller. In some versions of the story, Pangu is aided in this task by the four most prominent beasts, namely the Turtle, the Qilin, the Phoenix, and the Dragon. After the eighteen thousand years had elapsed, Pangu was laid to rest. His breath became the wind; his voice the thunder; left eye the sun and right eye the moon; his body became the mountains and extremes of the world; his blood formed rivers; his muscles the fertile lands; his facial hair the stars and milky way; his fur the bushes and forests; his bones the valuable minerals; his bone marrows sacred diamonds; his sweat fell as rain; and the fleas on his fur carried by the wind became human beings all over the world. The distance from Earth and Sky at the end of the 18,000 years would have been 65,700,000 feet, or over 12,443 miles.The first writer to record the myth of Pangu was Xu Zheng (徐整) during the Three Kingdoms (三國) period.MonismFurther information: Hindu CreationismFurther information: Jainism and non-creationismMonism has its origin in Hellenistic philosophy as a concept of all things deriving from a single substance or being. Following a long and still current tradition H.P. Owen (1971: 65) claimed that:"Pantheists are 'monists'...they believe that there is only one Being, and that all other forms of reality are either modes (or appearances) of it or identical with it."Although, like Spinoza, some pantheists may also be monists, and monism may even be essential to some versions of pantheism (like Spinoza's), not all pantheists are monists. Some are polytheists and some are pluralists; they believe that there are many things and kinds of things and many different kinds of value.[6] Not all Monists are Pantheists. Exclusive Monists believe that the universe, the God of the Pantheist, simply does not exist. In addition, monists can be Deists, Pandeists, Theists or Panentheists; believing in a monotheistic God that is omnipotent and all-pervading, and both transcendent and immanent. There are monist pantheists and panentheists in Hinduism (particularly in Advaita and Vishistadvaita respectively), Judaism (monistic panentheism is especially found in Kabbalah and Hasidic philosophy), in Christianity (especially among Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, and Anglicans) and in Islam (among the Sufis, especially the Bektashi).HinduIn Advaita Vedanta, Brahman is the abstract notion of "the Absolute" from which the universe takes its origin from golden ege(may be big bang), and at an ultimate level, all assertions of a distinction between Brahman, other gods and creation are meaningless (monism). "The Vedanta-sutra begins by declaring that the Absolute Person is the original source of all creation (janmady asya yatah [SB 1.1.1]). One may ask whether Lord Brahma is the Supreme Absolute Person. No, the Supreme Absolute Person is Krishna(Caitanya). Brahma receives his mind, intelligence, materials and everything else from Krishna, and then he becomes the secondary creator, the engineer of this universe. In this regard we may note that the creation does not take place accidentally, because of the explosion of a chunk. Such nonsensical theories are not accepted by Vedic students. The first created living being is Brahma, who is endowed with perfect knowledge and intelligence by the Lord. As stated in Srimad-Bhagavatam, tene brahma hrida ya adi-kavaye: although Brahma is the first created being, he is not independent, for he receives help from the Supreme Personality of Godhead through his heart. There is no one but Brahma at the time of creation, and therefore he receives his intelligence directly from the Lord through the heart. This has been discussed in the beginning of Srimad-Bhagavatam.Lord Brahma is described in this verse as the original cause of the cosmic manifestation, and this applies to his position in the material world. There are many, many such controllers, all of whom are created by the Supreme Lord, Vishnu. This is illustrated by an incident described in Caitanya-caritamrita. When the Brahma of this particular universe was invited by Krishna to Dvaraka, he thought that he was the only Brahma. Therefore when Krishna inquired from His servant which Brahma was at the door to visit, Lord Brahma was surprised. He replied that of course Lord Brahma, the father of the four Kumaras, was waiting at the door. Later, Lord Brahma asked Krishna why He had inquired which Brahma had come. He was then informed that there are millions of other Brahmas because there are millions of universes. Krishna then called all the Brahmas, who immediately came to visit Him. The catur-mukha Brahma, the four-headed Brahma of this universe, thought himself a very insignificant creature in the presence of so many Brahmas with so many heads. Thus although there is a Brahma who is the engineer of each universe, Krishna is the original source of all of them."BuddhismSome gods in Buddhism have the view that they are creators of the world. For example, Baka Brahma. However, Buddha pointed out to them that they do not know the whole extent of the universe (he said they have no knowledge of some of the highest heavens), and further, the spiritual power of the Buddha was greater than the spiritual power of these gods who thought they created the world. One of the Suttas dealing with this subject is the Kevaddha Sutta. Also, Buddha said (in DN1 - the Brahmajala Sutta or The Net of Views) that their view of being the creator of the world is a misconception, and that these Brahma-gods actually have a cause which lead their origination (taking birth as a Brahma-god). Buddha even tells how the views concerning 'creator gods' originate in the world - through junior Brahma-gods (with a more limited life-span) who, on their passing away, get reborn as a human, and through practicing meditation are able to remember their previous life as a junior god to a Brahma god.Then, he starts to preach this view of a 'creator god' to others (see DN1 - the Brahmajala Sutta). Jainism similarly believes in "craftsman" deities responsible for the physical world, which are however transcended by a static and uncreated universe.MonotheismChristianity, Judaism, Sikhism and Islam teach that creation is believed to be the origin of the universe by the action of God. Among monotheists it has historically been most commonly believed that living things are God's creations, and are not the result of a process inherent in originally non-living things, unless this process is designed, initiated, or directed by God; likewise, sentient and intelligent beings are believed to be God's creation, and did not arise through the development of living but non-sentient beings, except by the intervention of God.[7]JudaismFurther information: Genesis creation myth Orthodox Judaism historically affirms that one incorporeal God (self-identified to Moses as Yahweh) is the creator of all things (many references available, see Job 38-41, for example)[8] , and that this same one created Adam and Eve personally (directly)[9]. They affirm that this Being is an indivisible one, incomparable to any created thing, and immutable.ChristianityIt is a tenet of Christian faith (Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant) that God is the creator of all things from nothing, and has made human beings in the Image of God, who by direct inference is also the source of the human soul. Within this broad understanding, however, there are a number of views regarding exactly how this doctrine ought to be interpreted. Some Christians, particularly Young Earth creationists and Old Earth creationists, interpret Genesis as a historical, accurate, and literal account of creation.Others, in contrast to both these views of acts of the Creator, may understand any of these to be, not statements of historic fact, but rather spiritual insights more vaguely defined.While the synoptic gospels do not address the question of creation, the Gospel of John famously begins:"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being ... And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth" .See Christ the Logos for interpretations of this passage.The Epistle to the Hebrews, a book of the New Testament, contains another reference to creation:"For by faith we understand the worlds were prepared by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things which are visible" .[10]Thus, in Chalcedonian Christology, Jesus is the Word of God, which was in the beginning and, thus, is uncreated, and hence is God, and consequently identical with the Creator of the world ex nihilo.The Roman Catholic Church allows for both a literal and allegorical interpretation of Genesis, so as to allow for the possibility of Creation by means of an evolutionary process over great spans of time, otherwise known as theistic evolution. It believes that the creation of the world is a work of God through the Logos, the Word (idea, intelligence, reason and logic):"In the beginning was the Word...and the Word was God...all things were made through him, and without him was not anything made that was made."The New Testament claims that God created everything by the eternal Word, Jesus Christ his beloved Son. In him"all things were created, in heaven and on earth.. . all things were created through him and for him. He is before all things, and in him all things hold together.[11]Surrounded by a pervasive culture of rationalism, relativism and secularism, the Catholic Church has asserted the primacy of reason in Christian Theology. In a 1999 lecture at the University of Paris, then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger said:The question is ... whether reason, being a chance by-product of irrationality and floating in an ocean of irrationality, is ultimately just as meaningless; or whether the principle that represents the fundamental conviction of Christian faith and of its philosophy remains true: "In principio erat Verbum" - at the beginning of all things stands the creative power of reason. Now as then, Christian faith represents the choice in favor of the priority of reason and of rationality. [...] there is no ultimate demonstration that the basic choice involved in Christianity is correct. Yet, can reason really renounce its claim to the priority of what is rational over the irrational, the claim that the Logos is at the ultimate origin of things, without abolishing itself?Even today, by reason of its choosing to assert the primacy of reason, Christianity remains "enlightened," and I think that any enlightenment that cancels this choice must, contrary to all appearances, mean, not an evolution, but an involution, a shrinking, of enlightenment.The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day SaintsFollowers of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and others within Mormonism, believe that physical reality (space, matter and/or energy) is eternal, and therefore does not have an absolute origin. The Creator is an architect and organizer of pre-existent matter and energy, who constructed the present cosmos out of the raw material through natural means.CreationismMain article: Creationism Christian fundamentalism in the USA since the 1930s has pursued Biblical literalist doctrines of "Creationism" as a counter-hypothesis opposing the scientific community, with concepts such as flood geology, creation science and intelligent design proposed as syntheses of Christian creation beliefs and scientific method.IslamAccording to Islam, God, known in Arabic as Allah, is the all-powerful and all-knowing Creator, Sustainer, Ordainer, and Judge of the universe. Islam puts a heavy emphasis on the conceptualization of God as strictly singular (tawhid). God is unique (wahid) and inherently one (ahad), all-merciful and omnipotent. According to tradition there are 99 Names of God (al-asma al-husna lit. meaning: "The best names") each of which evoke a distinct attribute of God. All these names refer to Allah, the supreme and all-comprehensive divine name. Among the 99 names of God, the most famous and most frequent of these names are "the Compassionate" (al-rahman) and "the Merciful" (al-rahim). Creation and ordering of the universe is seen as an act of prime mercy for which all creatures sing God's glories and bear witness to God's unity and lordship. According to the Islamic teachings, God exists without a place. According to the Qur'an, "No vision can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision. God is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things" (Qur'an 6:103) God in Islam is not only majestic and sovereign, but also a personal God: according to the Qur'an, God is nearer to a person than his jugular vein. (Quran 50:16) God responds to those in need or distress whenever they call. Above all, God guides humanity to the right way, "the holy way§."Islam teaches that God as referenced in the Qur'an is the only god and the same God worshipped by members of other Abrahamic religions such as Christianity and Judaism. (29:46).SikhismMain article: Sikh beliefs One of the biggest responsibilities in Sikhism is to worship God as "The Creator", termed Waheguru who is shapeless, timeless, and sightless, i.e., Nirankar, Akal, and Alakh Niranjan. The religion only takes after the belief in "One God for All" or Ik Onkar.Baha'iBahá'í teachings state that God is too great for humans to fully comprehend, or to create a complete and accurate image of, by themselves. Therefore, human understanding of God is achieved through his revelations via his Manifestations.[12][13] In the Bahá'í religion God is often referred to by titles and attributes (e.g. the All-Powerful, or the All-Loving), and there is a substantial emphasis on monotheism. Chinese MythologyPangu can be interpreted as another creator deity. In the beginning there was nothing in the universe except a formless chaos. However this chaos began to coalesce into a cosmic egg for eighteen thousand years. Within it, the perfectly opposed principles of yin and yang became balanced and Pangu emerged (or woke up) from the egg. Pangu is usually depicted as a primitive, hairy giant with horns on his head (like the Greek Pan) and clad in furs. Pangu set about the task of creating the world: he separated Yin from Yang with a swing of his giant axe, creating the Earth (murky Yin) and the Sky (clear Yang). To keep them separated, Pangu stood between them and pushed up the Sky. This task took eighteen thousand years, with each day the sky grew ten feet higher, the Earth ten feet wider, and Pangu ten feet taller. In some versions of the story, Pangu is aided in this task by the four most prominent beasts, namely the Turtle, the Qilin, the Phoenix, and the Dragon. After the eighteen thousand years had elapsed, Pangu was laid to rest. His breath became the wind; his voice the thunder; left eye the sun and right eye the moon; his body became the mountains and extremes of the world; his blood formed rivers; his muscles the fertile lands; his facial hair the stars and milky way; his fur the bushes and forests; his bones the valuable minerals; his bone marrows sacred diamonds; his sweat fell as rain; and the fleas on his fur carried by the wind became human beings all over the world. The distance from Earth and Sky at the end of the 18,000 years would have been 65,700,000 feet, or over 12,443 miles.The first writer to record the myth of Pangu was Xu Zheng (徐整) during the Three Kingdoms (三國) period.This basiclly contains spoilers.
Sanskrit Word List · AD Goth. root AT, pres. ITA (EAT, ATE) · AKSHA, "axle, axis" Ger. ACHSE AKSHI, "eye"=Russ. OKO=L. OCULUS=M.E. EYGHE, "eye". It is common for older English words spelled with a G to drop this letter and exchange it with a Y. (EYE; OCULAR; OCCULT, associated with the Evil Eye.) · A-/AN-, (prefix) "not, without= Eng. A-/AN- (APOLITICAL, AMORAL; ANOREXIC, "without appetite") · AARYA, "people from Central Asia, noble, royal, master" (Aryan) · AASANA, "sitting" (ASANA, "a yoga posture") AN*KA, "bend, curve, hook" · L. ANCORA (ANCHOR ANTA, "end" ANTAR, "within, between, among; in the middle" (INTER-NATIONAL, INTERIOR). · Akin to ANTARA, "interior, other". See I-TARA. ANTI, "before" (ANTIPASTO, something eaten before the main course/pasta; · ANTECEDENT, ANTERIOR). This is not the same as Eng. ANTI-, ""against". AP/APAS, "work" L. OPUS/OPERA (OPERATE) · ARD, "make agitated, torment, kill" L. ARDERE/ARSI, "be violently enraged, passionate; (countries), be in turmoil, at war" (ARDENT, "strongly emotional about"; ARSON) · AS, "to be", akin to ASTI=L. EST=Ger. IST, "is". Cf. L. ESSE, "be", Eng. ESSENCE, ESSENTIAL. · ASHTA, "eight"=L. OCTO, Ger. ACHT (OCTAGON, OCTET, OCTOPUS) -ATI/-ATE, a verb ending for the third person, singular, in the present tense. Cf. L. nuntiAT, facIT, docET. English has a cognate, as in "my cup runnETH over." · AUM/OM, the magical, repeated sound used in Yoga · BAAD/VAAD, "bathe" Old High German BAD, "bath" · BANDH, "bind around" (BIND, BAND, BANDAGE) · BARBARA, "barbarian, one with long hair" (BARBER) · BHAN~J, "break" L. FRANGERE/FREGI/FRACTUM Ger. · BRECHEN (BREAK, FRACTURE, FRAGILE) · BHRAATHRA, "brother, fraternity" L. FRATER (BROTHERHOOD) · BHRI, "to bear, carry away, endure" L. FERRE, "bear"; Old Irish BRITA, "birth" (BEARABLE, BIRTH, TRANSFER, INFER) · BHRUU, "brow" BHUJ, "bend down" Anglo-Saxon BUGAN (BOW) BHUU, "be" L. FUIT/FUTURUS, forms of esse, "be" (FUTURE) · BHUUTI, "wealth, fortune". Could this be related to Eng. BOOTY/BUTY, "anything plundered" [?] · BUDH, "awaken, communicate" (BUDDHA; BODHISATVA, "a saint, apostle"; BID < O.E. BUDON, "communicate") · More words below · C[H]AND, "shine, be bright" L. · CANDERE, "shine, be hot"; INCENDERE/INCENSUM, "burn, inflame emotions" (INCANDESCENT, CANDLE, CHANDELIER, INCENDIARY; INCENSED, "angry") · C[H]AKRA, "wheel", used to describe points of spiritual power. CAR, "go, move, travel through, pervade" akin to · CARYA, "driving in a carriage" (CAR, CHARIOT, CARRY) · CATUR< "four"=L. QUATTOR (QUARTER, "a fourth"; · QUATERNARY, "in fours"; QUADRATE, "four-sided") · DA, akin to DATTA, "given" L. DATA (DATA, "technical information"; DATE [pertaining to time]; DATIVE) · DAM, "tame"=L. DOMARE=O.E. TAM (INDOMITABLE) · DAMA "house"=L. DOMUS (DOMICILE, DOMESTICATE) · DANTA, "tooth" (DENTURE, INDENT) · DAARU, "wood" Hindi DEODAAR < Skt. DEVA, "god" + DAARU, "wood" (DEODAR, a Himalayan cedar) · DARBHA/DUURVAA, species of grasses Danish TORV (TURF; TURBARY, "land from which turf or peat is cut") · DASHA, "ten" Gr. DEKA (DECADE, DECAGON) · DHARMA, "law, path", in that SVA-DHARMA, "self-law/path", refers to modernusage wherein one must follow one's own path/conscience (e.g. Dharma and Greg TV show) · DHRISHTA, "bold" Lith. DRISTU O.E. DURST, past tense of DARE, "be bold" · DHUNI, "roaring, sounding, boisterous" O.N. DUNA, "to thunder, give a hollow sound"(DUN, "to sound", akin to DIN, "a noisy clamor, uproar") · DHVAN, "become covered, extinguished, darken" A.S. DVAN, "be extinguished" Eng. DUN, "dark brown" DHVANI, "roar, thunder" · Lith. DUNDETI. "to sound" (THUNDER, DUNDERBOLT) DHVAN/DHVAS, "to fall to dust" Ger. DUNST (DUST) · DIV, "shine" akin to DIVA, "heaven; DIVYA, "divine"; DEVA, "god" L. DEUS, "god; DIVA, "goddess" < Gr. THEOS (DEISM/THEISM, DEITY, THEOLOGY, DIVA, "opera singer") · DUR, "door". · DVA/DVI, "two" Gr. DI- L. DUO, Polish DWA, DWOI-, DWU-, (DUO, DOUBLE, TWIN; DICEPHALOUS, "two-headed") · DVAAR, "door" · EKA, "the same, equal" L. AEQUUS, "that which is the same" (EQUAL). · HARDA, "heart". · GA, "go" akin to GANTI, GAN*GAA, "swift-goer" (GONE; · GANGES [River]; O.E. GANG, "go") · GAGGH, "laugh" (GAG, "laughing-stock") [?] · GAURII, name of a Hindu goddess (GARISH) · GO, "cow" (Old Saxon CO, Low German KO, "cow". There is even a theory that GOD is derived from Skt. GO, because cows and bulls were symbolic representations of gods.) · HAARYA, "be robbed" akin to HARA, "destroying" (HARRY, "plunder; devastation"; HARASS) · HEKKI, "hiccup". · I/IDAM, "this, that" L. ID, "it"; IDEM, "same, identical" (IT, IDENTITY) · I/IR/IT, "go"=L. EO/IRE/II, pres. participle IENT-, "going"; ITER/ITINERIS, "a going, journey (ITINERARY; TRANSIT, "across-go"; TRANSIENT, "person 'going-through'") · JAN, "produce (offspring, family), cause to be born,come into existence", akin to JANAS, "race, class of people" > L. GENUS, "origin"; GENS/GENTIS, "clan" (CONGENITAL, GENETIC; GENTLE, "well-born, of good family, kind"; GENTILE, GENERATE, GENERATION, GENERIC, GENOCIDE, KIN/KIND; KINDERGARTEN, "childrens' garden") * KAKH, "cackle" * KAL, "count", akin to KAALA, "a fixed point in time, time in general, proper season" > L. CALCULARE,"calculate" (INCACULABLE, CALENDAR) * KAALA, "black" (see geocities.com/richston2/lang99/influence.htm) * KAPAALA, "skull" > old Gr. KEPHALE, "head"=L. CAPUT,CAPITIS (PRECIPITATE, DECAPITATE; CAPO, "Mafia head"; ENCEPHALITIS, CAPTAIN, PER CAPITA) * KARMA/KARMAN, "act, result, effect" (KARMA) * KATH, "speak about" > O.H.G. QUETHAN (QUOTH, QUOTE) * KONA, "corner, angle, intermediate point of a compass" > Gr. GONOS/GONON, "-angled" (Eng. -GON, as in OCTAGON, POLYGON, figures which have corners and angles) * KRI, "make, accomplish, cause, effect, bring to completion" > L. CREARE/CREATUM, "bring about something" (CREATE, PROCREATE) * LAGHU, "light (in weight, on the feet, on the stomach)" * LAS, "play, frolic, sport", akin to LASYA (LASCIVIOUS, * "arousing sexual feelings") * LIH akin to ALIKSHATI > Gr. LEIKHO (LICK) * LOK, "look" * LOKA, "place" (LOCALE, LOCUS, LOCOMOTION) * LUBH, "desire greatly, allure, excite lust" > L. LUBET, "there is desire"; LIBIDO, "a desire" (LOVE, LIBIDINOUS) * MA, "first person pronoun" (ME, MY) * MAA, "measure, compare", akin to MAATRA, "measure"=L. METIRI/MENSUS (METER, COMMENSURATE; IMMENSE, "huge" ["not measurable"]) * MAAS < L. MENSIS, Sp. MEZ, Fr. MOIS (MOON, MONTH) * MAD akin to MATTA "mad, insane" * MAH/MAHA, "great"=Gr. MEGAS=L. MAGNUS (MAJESTY, MAGNIFICENT, MAGNIFY, "make greater"; MAJOR, MAXIMUM, MAXIM) * MAJJ, "be submerged"=L. MERGERE (EMERGENT) * MAKHA, "Mecca" * MAKSH, "a fly" akin to MAKSHAA > L. MUSCA (Sp. MOSQUITO, "small fly") * MALA, "sin, moral filth" therefore > L. MALUS, "evil, bad" (MALICIOUS, MALADY) * MANAS, "mind" > L. MENS, MENTIS (MENTAL; MINT, "think") * MANTRA, "incantation, song" (MANTRA, "a repeated word" e.g. om/aum) * MANU, "man". After some reasearch, however, Oxford English Dictionary has decided this etymology is incorrect. * MASTA, "weight" (MAST, a weight) * MATRI, "mother" (MATRICIDE) * MI/MITA, "mete out, meter" * MIIV, "move" * MIKSH > L. MISCERE/MIXTUS (MIX, MISCIBLE, PROMISCUOUS) * MRI, "die", akin to MRITA, "dead" > L. MORI, MORTUUS (MORTALITY, MORTICIAN; MORTGAGE, "death=pledge"). See MUR. * MUR, "killer", akin to MRI, "die" (q.v.) (MURDER) * MUUSH, "mouse" * NA/NIH/NED, "no, not" * NAKTA > Latin NOX/NOCT-, Ger. NACHT (NIGHT, NOCTURNAL) * NAMAN, "name" * NAPAAT, "offspring, (grand)daughter, grandson" > L. * NEPOS/NEPOTIS (NEPOTISM, NEPHEW) * NAS, "nose" (NOSTRIL, NASAL) * NAU, "ship" akin to NAVYA (NAVY, NAVIGATE, NAUTICAL) * NAVA/NAVAN, "nine" (NOVENBER, the ninth month of a previous calendar; NOVENA, "a nine-day devotional with prayers") * NAVA, "new"=Gr. NEOS=L. NOVUS (NOVELTY, NOVICE, INNOVATE, RENOVATE; NAPLES/NAPOLI [Italy]: neos + polis, "city") * NU, "now", probably related to NAVA, "new" (q.v.) * PAD, "foot"=L. PES/PEDIS (FOOT, BIPEDAL, "two-footed"; * PEDESTRIAN, "foot-walker"; PEDATE, "having feet"; * ARTHROPOD, "joint-foot creature"; OCTOPUS, * "eight-footed creature") * * PAN~CHA, "five"=Gr. PENTA (PENTAGON, "five-sided figure") * PARA, "far; previous (in time) (FAR, FORE-FATHER) * PARI-, prefix "about, near"=Eng. PERI- (PERINATAL, PERIMETER) * PATHA, "path" * PHAL > Ger. SPALTEN, "split" * PITRI, "father"=L. PATER (PAPA, PAPAL, POPE * POSHA, "prosperity, wealth, abundance". Oxford English Dictionary offers POSH (noun), "money", perhaps related to another noun, POSH (of uncertain etymology): "The suggestion that this word is derived from the initials of 'port outward, starboard home', referring to the more expensive side for accommodations on ships formerly traveling between England and India is often put forward but lacks foundation". * PRA-, prefix "before, in front of"=Eng. PRE- (PREHISTORY, PREDICT) * PUU, "be bright,illuminate" > Gr. PUR/PURA, "funeral pyre=L. PYRA (O.E. FYR, "fire"; PYROMANIA) * PUUTA, "putrid" * PUUY, "stink" > Fr. PUER, "stink" ("PEE-YOO-EE!"; PEPE * LE PEW, a smelly cartoon skunk) * RAAGA, "musical melody" (Eng. RAGA, "melodic formula of Hindu music"; RAG/RAGTIME [?]) * RAAJ, "rule", akin to RAAJA, "king"=L. REX/REGIS; L. REGERE/RECTUM, "rule, govern, direct" (RECTIFY, DIRECT, REGAL, REGULATE, RICHARD; RICH, "having great wealth, powerful"; Ger. REICH, "rich; empire, kingdom") * RAANI, "queen"=Fr. REINE (REIGN. See RAJ, above) * RABH, with verb-form RAPSYATI, "seize, desire vehemently", akin to RABHASA, "rapid, violent, desirous of" > L. RAPERE/RAPTUS, "seize, force violently, ravish, hurry" (RAPE, RAPTURE, RAPTURE, RAVISH, RAPID) * RAD, "gnaw, scratch" > L. RODERE, "gnaw"; L. RODERE, "scratch" (RAT, which is a RODENT.) * RAP, "speak" There is mention in Oxford English Dictionary of RAP, "utter, say, talk", but the listingis under a verb RAP, "strike (a blow), knock with a rap". Could there be a mistake involved? Could some more-modern Hindu word be the source? * RE, "a vocative particle (generally used contemptuously; often doubled)". Cf. RI, "a sound inarticulate or repeated as in stammering". Cf. [?] L. RE-, a prefix used to indicate repetition. However, Latin is supposed to be the original source of Eng. RE-, as in RE-THINK, RE-DONE, etc. * RI, second note of the seven-tone Hindu musical scale (Cf. [?] RE, second tone of Western, 7-note scale: do-RE-mi, etc.) * RISHI, a sage * ROMA, "Rome", Italy * RUP, "break off" > L. RUMPERE/RUPTUS, "break" * (RUPTURE) * SA, "she, that" * SAD, "sit, sink into despondency, despair" akin to * SATTI, "sitting" > L. SEDERE (SETTLE, RESIDE, RESIDUE, * SEDIMENT, SADNESS) * SAM, "together, in common with" (SYMPATHY, * "together-mind", in that there is a sharing of * emotions.) See SAMA. * SAMA (#1), "same" (SIMILAR, SIMULATE) See SAM. * SAMA (#2), "any, every" (SOME) * SAPTAN, "seven" (SEPTEMBER, seventh month of the year in earlier calendars; SEPTENNIAL, "every seven years") * SARPA, "serpent" * SATII, wife of Shiva > Eng. SUTTEE because of her faithfulness to him and how she cremated herself. * SHAALAA< "large room" > Fr. SALLE (SALON, SALOON) * SHARKARAA, "ground or candied sugar" (SACCHARIN, * SUCROSE) * SHATAM, "hundred"=L. CENTUM (CENT, CENTURY, CENTIME) * SIV, "sew" > A.S. SEOWIAN, Goth. SIUJAN (SEW) * SMI, "smile" * SRIV/SRIIV/SHRIV, "to go/become dry; lead astray; frustrate, thwart; cause to fail". Cf. Eng. [?] * SHRIVEL, "become wrinkled, as from heat [dry up?]; be reduced to an inefficient condition; reduce to helplessness". Oxford English Dictionary says this word derives from Swedish but is uncertain. * STHAA > L. STARE (STAND, STAY) * STHAG, "hide,cause to disappear" > Hindi THAG (THUG) * STHAL, "be firm, stand firm" (STILL) * SUUNU, "son" * SVA, "one's own" > L. SE/SUA, Fr. SE/SOI/SA (SELF) * SVAAMIN, "spiritual master, teacher" (SWAMI) * SVAN, "to sound" (SONAR, SONI; SWAN, the bird [sic]) * SVADU, "sweet" * SVASTIKA, "cross of good fortune, auspicious sign", akin to SVASTI, a salutation meaning "be well" (SWASTIKA. Hitler perverted the original positive intention of the word) * SVID, "sweat" akin to SVEDA, "sweating" * TAANDAVA, Shiva's Dance/"Ring around the Rosy", >Hung. * TANC > Germ. TANZ (DANCE) * TAT, "that" * TRI-, prefix "three" (TRIPLE) * TVA, "you"=L. TU/TE/TUA, Fr. TOI (THOU, THEE) * TVAN'G, "tremble" (See TWANG near the end of this site. * UBHA, "both" > L. AMBO (AMBIDEXTROUS, AMBIVALENT) * UURDHVA, "elevated, high" > L. ARDUUS, "steep" * (ARDUOUS, "steep") * UURJ, "be strong" > L. URGERE, "exert pressure, * subject (a person) to repeated verbal attacks (URGE) * VA, "wind" akin to VAANA, "blowing" > L. VENTUS, "wind" (WIND, VENTILATE, VENT) * VAACH, "speech" (VOICE, VOCAL) * VAH, "carry, travel by car" > L. VEHICULUM, VEHERE (VEHICULAR, WEIGH) * VAKSH, "be angry" (WAX) * VAM, "vomit" * VAN, "gain, conquer" (WIN) * VAS, "wear clothes" > L. VESTIS, "one's own dress" (VEST) * VID, "perceive, observe", akin to VEDA, sacred philosophical writings > L. VIDERE/VISUS, "see" (VIDEO, VISTA, VISION, PROVIDE/PROVISION, DIVIDE/DIVISION, DIVIDEND, VEDIC) * VIIR, "be strong, display heroism", akin to VIIRA, "man"; VIIRYA, "manliness, semen, poison" > L. VIRUS, "poison" (VIRILE, "manly, strong". To this we might add L. VIRGA, "rod", which later turns into Eng. VERGE, "rod, penis"; WEREWOLF, "man-wolf"; VIRULENT, "poisonous"; ) * YADA * YUJ, "yoke,join, bind", akin to YUKTA, "joined"; * YUKTI, "junction"; YUGA, "a yoke, couple" > L. IUGARE, "join, fasten"; IUGUM, "yoke"; IUNGERE/IUNCTUM, "join" (JOINT, JUNCTION; YOGA, "union"; YOGI) * YU/YUVAN (JUVENILE, YOUNG)