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The adrenal glands are separated into the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex releases corticosteroid hormones, androgens (testosterone), and aldosterone. Aldosterone regulates the osmotic activity in the kidneys, which are located right below the adrenal glands. The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, which control the fight-and-flight response. These hormones increase blood flow, raises heart beat, and causes sweating and increased breathing/respiration.

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