Overcrowding, lack of hygiene and general unsanitary conditions meant that dysentery was common. Sometimes cholera would develop, as well as typhoid. Smallpox outbreaks were common. Lack of suitable nutrition also caused some deaths from scurvy.
The ships which housed convicts in England during the 1700s were called hulks.
John Henry Capper has written: 'Convicts' -- subject(s): Prisoners, Prison hulks
It was the same as being on the prison hulks and prisons where the convicts had been assembled from.
The boats used to house convicts in England in the 1700s were called hulks. They were used when the prisons became too full to house any more criminals.
The prison ships in "Great Expectations" are called the "Hulks." These were decommissioned ships used as floating prisons for convicts in England during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Hulks were used to house prisoners, especially in the 18th and 19th centuries. These decommissioned ships were repurposed to serve as floating prisons, holding inmates in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions.
In "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens, hulks are decommissioned ships that were used as floating prisons for convicts. They are mentioned in the novel as places where criminals were housed before being transported to penal colonies. The hulks symbolize the harsh penal system and the societal attitudes towards crime and punishment during the Victorian era.
Old merchant ships and naval vessels known as Hulks, convicts spent time here before being transported to Australia
The ISBN of Fall of the Hulks is 0-7851-3985-0.
the avengers
After the Americans achieved their independence, Britain had to find another place to which to send their convicts as the American colonies were no longer viable. For awhile, England resorted to using old ships - hulks - to place the convicts at night, but they were extremely unhealthy and overcrowded. Also, the West Indies and Africa were unsuitable due to disease and climate, and India was already crowded. James Cook had recommended New South Wales (east coast of Australia) following his voyage in 1770, so the authorities decided to establish a convict colony in Australia. British convicts were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868.
Prisoners on the hulks did nothing. they were moored in the hulks on the Thames, so were kept under lock and key, where they were not permitted anything by way of entertainment unless they were one of the few who warranted a visit from friends or family.