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The war saw the first systematic use of the trench warfare and field fortifications. Robert E. Lee made of them the fundamental elements of manoeuvred warfare during it.

The concept was that of dig entrenchments but not to make the troops buried into but that of doing systematic use of the trenches and field fortifications to develop a "defensive-offensive". In other words he aimed to paralyse McClellan's Union Arm in the front, in order to be able to suddenly hit them in the flanks and rear.

This strategy of using field fortification as a cornerstone of the manoeuvre was a "reenactment" of the of the ancient Romans's strategy, of which Lee was a scholar. Furthermore, the battle saw the first employment of an armoured train by the Confederates and, at Malvern Hill, the first example of the predominance

of the fire upon an impressive impact force attacking in Napoleonic style the positions of the Union Army.

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12y ago

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