A set of kitchen scales marked to weigh in grammes.
Cup
To measure the area of an arbitrary two dimensional shape you will use a planimeter. To measure an area you could also just use a simple ruler depending on how big the area is.
You could measure a skateboard in decimeters. Remember, 1dm=10cm.
Temperature
You could.
You could say "writing utensil" or "writing instrument." Or for a verb, "sketch" or something.
Such an instrument could be called the Laser Scan Micrometer.
A ruler or tape measure can be used to measure length, width, and height of objects accurately. These tools are commonly found in households and offices for various measuring tasks.
One could use a ruler.
The instrument you would use could be a beaker or a graduated cylinder.
a bathroom scale
You could measure distances between cities.
energy release
The instrument used to measure elevation is called an altimeter. It works by measuring air pressure changes as altitude changes, providing a rough estimate of elevation above sea level.
A stopwatch or a timer can be used to measure the time taken for the pendulum to make 20 oscillations. Start the timer when the pendulum starts swinging and stop it when it completes 20 oscillations to determine the time elapsed.
seismograph is one instrument that could measure earthquakes and volcanoes etc but seismograph is many times use at earthquake!
The most direct way to measure the angle of a hill would be to use a clinomiter. You could also use a level and staff.
We could use a laboratory scale to measure a mole of solid material. A mole represents Avogadro's number of atoms or molecules of the solid material. Table salt, sodium chloride, for instance has a weight of 58.44277 grams per mole. The scale in the chemistry lab would be the instrument to use to measure that and to measure out a mole of most other solids.