Proton pumps as well as ATP synthase operating in reverse maintain the hydrogen ion gradient of a cell.
ATP molecules are essentially cellular energy currency. The hydrogen gradient (or proton gradient as it is technically called) is responsible for the functioning of a protein complex called ATP synthase which in turn is responsible for the synthesis of ATP molecules. Therefore, the proton gradient is the driving force for the synthesis of ATP molecules.
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Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
cause they do. fool.
Intrinsic factor
ATP molecules are essentially cellular energy currency. The hydrogen gradient (or proton gradient as it is technically called) is responsible for the functioning of a protein complex called ATP synthase which in turn is responsible for the synthesis of ATP molecules. Therefore, the proton gradient is the driving force for the synthesis of ATP molecules.
Carrier proteins.
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Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.
Intrinsic factor or gastric intrinsic factor is a protein produced by the stomach. It is used to absorb vitamin B12 in the small intestine. When there is a deficiency of the Intrinsic factor, there is a deficiency in the absorption of B12 into the body and this leads to pernicious anemia.
Ribosomes, are responsible for protein synthesis.
If the protein is pumping protons, there should be an electrical gradient across the membrane as well as a proton concentration gradient.