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Proton pumps as well as ATP synthase operating in reverse maintain the hydrogen ion gradient of a cell.

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Q: What intrinsic protein is responsible for maintaining the H ion gradient?
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What carrier protein is responsible for absorption of vitamin B12?

Intrinsic factor


Is hydrogen gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane a cellular energy currency?

ATP molecules are essentially cellular energy currency. The hydrogen gradient (or proton gradient as it is technically called) is responsible for the functioning of a protein complex called ATP synthase which in turn is responsible for the synthesis of ATP molecules. Therefore, the proton gradient is the driving force for the synthesis of ATP molecules.


What are responsible for the transport of substances down a concentration gradient during facilitated diffusion?

Carrier proteins.


How does the Bicoid protein gradient form?

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What defines the movement of material along a concentration gradient through a protein channels?

Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.


What term defines the movement through a concentration gradient through protein channels?

Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.


What term defines the movement of material along a concentration gradient protein channels?

Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.


What term defines the movement of material along a concentration gradient through protein channels?

Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.


What term defines the movement of materials along the concentration gradient through protein channels?

Facilitated diffusion defines he movement of materials along a concentration gradient through protein channels.


Why do you need intrinsic factor?

Intrinsic factor or gastric intrinsic factor is a protein produced by the stomach. It is used to absorb vitamin B12 in the small intestine. When there is a deficiency of the Intrinsic factor, there is a deficiency in the absorption of B12 into the body and this leads to pernicious anemia.


Structure responsible for protein synthesis?

Ribosomes, are responsible for protein synthesis.


The actual transport of protons by the proton pump is mediated by a transmembrane protein which undergoes a change in its?

If the protein is pumping protons, there should be an electrical gradient across the membrane as well as a proton concentration gradient.