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Diastolic dysfunction occurs when the ventricles cannot fill normally.

In patients with certain types of cardiomyopathy (Heart disease) and heart failure, the ventricles are unable to properly relax, and they become stiff. As a result, the ventricles may not fill completely, and blood can "dam up" in other parts of the body. (Diastole is associated with the lower number in the blood pressure reading. The heart muscle relaxes at this time).

The abnormal stiffening of the ventricles and the resulting abnormal ventricular filling during diastole is referred to as diastolic dysfunction. If left untreated, diastolic dysfunction can progress to diastolic heart failure.

The incidence of diastolic dysfunction increases with age; therefore, 50 percent of older patients with heart failure may have isolated diastolic dysfunction. With early diagnosis and proper management the prognosis of diastolic dysfunction is more favorable than that of systolic dysfunction.

Symptoms may include:

Fatigue.

Breathing problems.

Shortness of breath.

Tachycardia.

Distention of jugular vein.

Edema.

Enlarged liver (hepatomegaly).

The mainstays of therapy, currently, are intensive blood pressure control and intensive heart rate control. This can often be achieved through regular physical activity, sometimes in combination with medicines. Usually, the use of an ACE-inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker to control blood pressure works best as it allows for heart remodeling, which may make the heart less stiff.

(Heart remodeling refers to the changes in size, shape, and function of the heart after injury to the

ventricles.)

Regular physical activity of up to 30 minutes a day (after checking with your doctor) is one of the best ways to reduce diastolic dysfunction - and in many patients exercise can serve as a cure for this condition.

Sometimes these medical terms can be hard to understand but it is best if you can learn them. There are 4 grades. Grade 1 is not usually found at first since there are no symptoms. Grade 4 is most serious.

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