A pantry
a larder
A basement...
A circular room in commercial buildings or out buildings is called a round house, in a private house it can be called among other things a turret. A rotunda is a round building or a room in a building, the central hall in the Capitol Building in Washington DC is an excellent example of a rotunda ( round room).
A basement is a large room under the ground. A dungeon is a room under the ground.
Sacristy
Foyer
It's typically called an armory.That is the Arms Room or Armory.
The rotunda is the famous room located under the dome of the Capitol. Brumidi painted a fresco painting on the ceiling.
The space under a staircase is called a spandrel.
The room under the roof is called an "Attic".
a room or building where scientific work takes place
pantry or kitchen
It would be called the "ATTIC".