Catharsis
Catharsis is an emotional purging; in other words, a release of pent-up negative emotions. This term often relates to tragedy, but I am not sure if you are referring to the tragedies we suffer in our lives, or tragedy as a literary genre.
The literary term for a statement like "My dog is the size of your house" is hyperbole, which is an exaggeration or overstatement for effect. It is used to create emphasis or evoke strong emotions in the reader or listener.
The literary term found in this quote is "personification," which is the attribution of human traits or emotions to non-human entities. In this case, "the angry spot" is given the human emotion of anger.
The literary term for when the weather mirrors the drama of the plot is "pathetic fallacy." This term refers to the attribution of human emotions or characteristics to inanimate objects or nature, such as weather elements reflecting the mood or events in a story. Pathetic fallacy is commonly used in literature to create atmosphere and enhance the emotional impact of a scene.
In literature, the term "body" can refer to both physical bodies of characters within a story, as well as the portrayal of bodies in terms of themes such as identity, desire, mortality, and transformation. The body can be a powerful symbol or metaphor that conveys deeper meanings and emotions in a literary work.
The literary term illustrated by Edgar Allan Poe's use of different colors for the room is symbolism. The colors he chooses likely represent deeper meanings or emotions within the story.
Juliet's speech is an example of a soliloquy, which is a literary device where a character speaks their thoughts aloud to themselves, revealing their innermost feelings and emotions to the audience. In this case, Juliet is expressing her conflicted emotions about her love for Romeo and the feud between their families.
A literary term for a small stream is "brook."
The literary term for addressing an absent person is "apostrophe." It involves directly addressing a person, object, or abstract concept as if they were present and able to respond. This technique is often used to convey strong emotions or to make a point more dramatic or personal.
Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human characteristics to an animal or thing.
A literary term is what you can use to define the makeup of a story. Sample literary terms include characterization, plot, genre, foreshadowing, and more.
Pathetic fallacy is the literary term used to describe when the weather or natural surroundings in a story reflect the emotions of the characters or the mood of a scene.