What is a Procedural models in C plus plus?

Answer 1

Procedural code in C++ makes use of the goto keyword rather than using structured code such as for/while loops and function calls. Although procedural code is permitted in C++, its usage should be kept to a minimum and should only used when there are no better alternatives available. In other words, it must have purpose and add value to the code. Prevalent use of goto results in "spaghetti code" that is difficult to both read and maintain.

By way of an example, the following while loop can be written procedurally:

// Structured loop:

int x=0;

while(x++<10)

std::cout<<x<<std::endl;

// Procedural loop:

int x=0;

again:

if(x++<10)

{

std::cout<<x<<std::endl;

goto again;

}

Clearly the structured while loop is easier to read. Although the procedural loop works just as well, it is hard to justify its usage in this case as it adds no value and readers will simply question why it was used -- thus hindering the readability of the code.