An axolotl is a type of neotenic salamander, scientifically known as Ambystoma mexicanum, native to lakes and canals in Mexico. Unlike most amphibians, axolotls retain their juvenile features, such as external gills, throughout their adult life. They are known for their remarkable regenerative abilities, capable of regrowing limbs, spinal cords, and even parts of their heart and brain. Axolotls are commonly kept as pets and are also used in scientific research due to their unique biological characteristics.