"Scat" or feces is left behind on trails.
The only clue left behind at the Roanoke settlement was the word "CROATOAN" carved into a tree. This mysterious disappearance of the settlers in 1590 is still unsolved.
fossil
Animal resin is the residue that is left after an animal leaves. Snails for example leave behind a type of resin.
A large boulder left behind by a glacier is called a glacial erratic. These erratics are often significantly different from the surrounding rocks, providing clues about the glacier's movement and the rocks it passed over during its journey.
dairy animal bed
The study of the past based on what people left behind is called history.
It is called a mineral streak.
It's called a spoor.
striations
The carcass is what is left after the animal is harvested.
The depressions left behind are called kettles. The raised areas are called moraines.
Glacial drift.